Answer: Frederick Taylor's assembly line system relied on interchangeable parts
Explanation: I did my research and I hope this answer helps you
when did the first homo sapiens who lived in the new world (the americas) arrive? a)around 15,000 ybp b)prior to 40,000 ybp c)after 10,000 ybp d)during the middle holocene
The first Homo sapiens who lived in the New World (the Americas) arrived around 15,000 years before present (ybp).
The arrival of Homo sapiens in the Americas is a subject of ongoing research and debate among archaeologists and anthropologists. Based on current evidence, it is generally accepted that the earliest human presence in the Americas dates back to approximately 15,000 ybp. This is supported by archaeological sites such as Monte Verde in Chile and Meadowcroft Rockshelter in Pennsylvania, which have provided evidence of human occupation during this time period.
However, it is important to note that further discoveries and research may lead to revisions in our understanding of this timeline in the future.
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true or false: the civil rights act of 1968 encouraged de facto discrimination against african americans in the united states.
Answer: i belive your answer is true
Explanation: i did my research
False. The Civil Rights Act of 1968, also known as the Fair Housing Act, was passed in response to the growing housing discrimination against African Americans.
The act prohibited discrimination in the sale, rental, and financing of housing based on race, religion, national origin, and gender. The act was designed to combat the de facto segregation that existed in many cities across the United States and to provide African Americans with equal access to housing opportunities. Therefore, it is incorrect to say that the Civil Rights Act of 1968 encouraged de facto discrimination against African Americans in the United States. In fact, it was an important step forward in the fight for equal rights and opportunities for all Americans, regardless of their race or ethnicity.
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what signs does reagan see that the soviet union is reforming
Explain your answer is 3-6 sentences
Reagan's perception of Soviet reform was influenced by a variety of factors. One significant event was the ascension of Mikhail Gorbachev as the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1985. Gorbachev introduced a series of reforms known as glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring), which aimed to revitalize the Soviet economy and increase transparency in governance. These reforms, coupled with Gorbachev's willingness to engage in negotiations with the United States, led Reagan to perceive a potential for change within the Soviet Union.
Reagan also observed signs of internal discontent within the Soviet bloc, including growing economic challenges, a desire for greater personal freedoms, and increasing demands for political reform. These factors, combined with Gorbachev's rhetoric of reform, convinced Reagan that the Soviet Union was undergoing significant changes.
Reagan's perception of Soviet reform was reinforced by various diplomatic engagements and negotiations between the United States and the USSR, such as the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF Treaty) signed in 1987. These negotiations indicated a willingness on the part of the Soviet Union to work towards reducing nuclear arms, suggesting a shift in their approach.
Overall, Reagan's observations of Gorbachev's reforms, internal Soviet discontent, and diplomatic engagements between the United States and the USSR led him to believe that the Soviet Union was undergoing a process of reform and change. These perceptions played a significant role in shaping Reagan's policies and approach toward the Soviet Union during his presidency.
refer to scenario 17-2. if each firm is permitted to drill two wells at most, the firms are in a nash equilibrium when a. bq drills two wells and exxoff drills one well. b. bq drills one well and exxoff drills two wells. c. both firms drill two wells. d. both firms drill one well.
In scenario 17-2, if each firm is permitted to drill two wells at most, the firms are in a Nash equilibrium when both firms drill one well (option d).
This is because if one firm drills two wells and the other drills one, the firm with two wells will have an advantage in the market and can potentially earn more profits. However, if both firms drill two wells, this will result in excess supply, leading to lower prices and lower profits for both firms. Therefore, both firms drilling one well is the best option for both parties as it allows them to maximize their profits without creating excess supply in the market. In conclusion, option d is the Nash equilibrium when each firm is permitted to drill two wells at most and is the most beneficial outcome for both firms.
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a conflict that was between the us and the soviet union. the nations never directly confronted each other on the battlefield but deadly threats went on for years.
The conflict that fits the description is the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union. The Cold War, which lasted from the late 1940s to the early 1990s, was characterized by intense political, economic, and ideological rivalry between the two superpowers.
Although direct military confrontation between the US and the Soviet Union did not occur, the threat of nuclear warfare loomed large throughout the period. Both nations engaged in a race to develop and stockpile nuclear weapons, leading to the concept of mutually assured destruction (MAD). Proxy wars, espionage, and propaganda campaigns were also common features of the Cold War, with the United States and the Soviet Union supporting opposing sides in conflicts around the world.
The Cold War had a profound impact on global politics, shaping alliances, influencing domestic policies, and maintaining a state of tension and hostility between the two powers.
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the three issues of the english civil wars included: supremacy of king or parliament establishment of a socialist system trade and commerce with other countries new economic groups wanted role in government national church or freedom for several protestant groups. T/F
True. The three main issues of the English Civil Wars were the supremacy of the King or Parliament, the establishment of a socialist system, and the role of trade and commerce with other countries.
Additionally, new economic groups wanted a role in government, while some wanted a national church, while others wanted freedom for several Protestant groups. These issues were the primary reasons for the civil wars in England between 1642 and 1651, which ultimately led to the execution of King Charles I and the establishment of the Commonwealth under Oliver Cromwell's leadership. The conflict highlighted the deep divisions between different social, economic, and religious groups within the country, and its repercussions were felt for decades to come.
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for the period 1861 to 1914, analyze how various russians perceived the condition of the russian peasantry and explain how they proposed to change that condition.
For the period 1861-1914, various Russians perceived the condition of the Russian peasantry as impoverished and oppressed, and they proposed changes through reforms and revolutionary actions.
In the second half of the 19th century and the early 20th century, Russia experienced significant social and political changes. The Russian peasantry, consisting mainly of serfs, lived in poverty and suffered from a lack of personal freedom. In response to this, intellectuals, politicians, and revolutionaries proposed different solutions to improve their condition. One significant event was the Emancipation Reform of 1861, which aimed to liberate the serfs and grant them some property rights.
However, this reform was not entirely successful, as many peasants continued to struggle with debt and insufficient land. Some Russians advocated for further reforms, such as land redistribution, while others turned to more radical solutions, like Marxism and revolutionary socialism. Ultimately, the growing dissatisfaction with the peasants' situation played a key role in the events leading up to the 1917 Russian Revolution.
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For the duration 1861-1914, numerous Russians perceived the situation of the Russian peasantry as impoverished and oppressed, and that they proposed adjustments via reforms and modern actions.
In the second one 1/2 of of the nineteenth century and the early twentieth century, Russia skilled vast social and political adjustments. The Russian peasantry, consisting in particular of serfs, lived in poverty and suffered from an absence of private freedom. In reaction to this, intellectuals, politicians, and revolutionaries proposed exclusive answers to enhance their situation. One vast occasion changed into the Emancipation Reform of 1861, which aimed to free up the serfs and furnish them a few assets rights.
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. in the context of the text, what bias could creep into the thought process of a brahmin historian vis-a-vis a non-brahmin historian?
In the context of the text, a brahmin historian might be biased towards portraying their own community in a more positive light compared to other communities. This could stem from their own personal beliefs and cultural conditioning.
The brahmin historian might also tend to emphasize the importance of religious and spiritual practices, while downplaying the role of social, economic and political factors in shaping history. This could result in a distorted version of events that presents a sanitized and idealized version of the past. Additionally, the brahmin historian might also be biased towards preserving the traditional power structures of society, which could mean marginalizing the contributions of non-brahmin communities. In contrast, a non-brahmin historian might focus on highlighting the struggles and achievements of marginalized communities, and may be more critical of the role played by dominant groups. However, this could also result in a skewed representation of history if the non-brahmin historian ignores or downplays the achievements of the brahmin community. Therefore, it is important for historians to be aware of their own biases and strive to present a balanced and nuanced account of history.
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if jews and romans had a low view of women during the first-century, and they typically weren't viewed as credible sources, why would the gospel writers say that a group of women found the tomb of jesus empty?
The gospel writers included the account of women finding the tomb of Jesus empty to emphasize the authenticity and credibility of the resurrection narrative.
In the cultural context of the first century, both Jewish and Roman societies generally held a low view of women and did not consider them as credible witnesses. However, the gospel writers deliberately highlighted the women's discovery of the empty tomb to underscore the veracity of their accounts. By including this detail, the writers were not only challenging the prevailing societal norms but also emphasizing that the resurrection of Jesus was not a fabricated story.
The inclusion of women as the first witnesses served to highlight the unexpected and remarkable nature of the event, reinforcing the notion that the resurrection was a significant and genuine event in Christian belief.
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what event brought about the end of the han government?
The end of the Han government in ancient China was primarily brought about by a combination of internal factors and external pressures. One significant event that contributed to its decline was the Yellow Turban Rebellion, which erupted in 184 CE.
The rebellion was led by a Taoist sect known as the Yellow Turbans, and it was fueled by widespread discontent among the peasantry due to economic hardships and social unrest. The Han government struggled to suppress the rebellion, leading to a weakening of its authority and a loss of public confidence. Additionally, factionalism and power struggles among the ruling elite, coupled with corruption and economic challenges, further eroded the Han government's stability. The central authority gradually weakened, and regional warlords emerged, vying for control and fragmenting the empire.
This period of disunity eventually culminated in the fall of the Han Dynasty in 220 CE, marking the end of its governmental structure and the beginning of the Three Kingdoms period in Chinese history.
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Which of the following claims, if true, would most weaken the author's assertion that the accusation of cleverness might damage a man in Greek court?
A. Cleverness is highly valued in Greek culture. B. The accusation of cleverness has no impact on a man's reputation in Greek court. C. The accusation of cleverness is often seen as a sign of wisdom in Greek court. D. Cleverness is only seen as a negative quality in modern Western culture.
If true, option B - "The accusation of cleverness has no impact on a man's reputation in Greek court" would most weaken the author's assertion that the accusation of cleverness might damage a man in Greek court.
This is because the author's assertion is based on the assumption that the accusation of cleverness is perceived negatively in Greek court and can lead to a man being viewed as untrustworthy or deceitful. If it were true that the accusation has no impact on a man's reputation, then the author's assertion would be invalid.
However, option A - "Cleverness is highly valued in Greek culture" and option C - "The accusation of cleverness is often seen as a sign of wisdom in Greek court" could potentially support the author's assertion, as they suggest that the accusation of cleverness could be viewed positively and thus have an impact on a man's reputation in Greek court. Option D - "Cleverness is only seen as a negative quality in modern Western culture" is not relevant to the author's assertion about Greek court.
In conclusion, option B would weaken the author's assertion the most, while options A and C could potentially support it.
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What do the situations in Venezuela, Vietnam and Ethiopia have in common?
¿Cuál de las siguientes aseveraciones de la economía de P. R. Es falsa?
Select one:
a. Existe fuerza obrera con gran capacidad empresarial y tecnológica. B. En P. R. , la tasa de desempleo es mayor que en EU. C. Los individuos dependen más de las transferencias federales en P. R. Que en E. U. , por la pobreza mayor. D. La economía de P. R. Ha logrado un alto grado de autosuficiencia (es poco dependiente).
Among the following statements of the economy of P.R., the false statement is "The economy of P.R. has achieved a high degree of self-sufficiency (it is less dependent)".
So, the answer is D.
The economy of Puerto Rico is dependent on the United States for many reasons.
Puerto Rico's economic growth and development were always constrained by its reliance on the United States, which had a significant impact on the economy.
As a result, most of Puerto Rico's economy is based on the US economy. Puerto Rico's economy, which is centered on government spending, has been struggling since the early 2000s.
There are also several other problems with Puerto Rico's economy, including an aging population, a decreasing workforce, and an outmigration of workers. As a result, the economy of Puerto Rico is largely dependent on the United States for its survival, and it has yet to achieve self-sufficiency.
Hence, the answer of the question is D.
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Although they disagreed on specifics, Roosevelt's advisers favored the government to do what?
Although Roosevelt's advisers had differing opinions on specific policies, they generally favored a more active role for the government in addressing social and economic issues. They believed that the government should take a leading role in regulating the economy and providing support for the most vulnerable members of society.
Some of the key policies that Roosevelt's advisers supported included the establishment of a social safety net to protect workers and their families during times of economic hardship, the implementation of minimum wage laws and labor protections, and the expansion of public works programs to stimulate economic growth and create jobs.
Additionally, many of Roosevelt's advisers were strong advocates for progressive taxation, arguing that the wealthy should bear a greater share of the tax burden in order to provide funding for these social and economic programs.
Overall, Roosevelt's advisers favored a more active role for the government in promoting social and economic justice, and their ideas and policies helped to shape the direction of American politics and policy for decades to come.
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The Spanish colony was divided into provinces, but today Central America is made up of independent republics.
The transformation from the Spanish colony divided into provinces to the independent republics of Central America signifies the historical shift towards self-governance and the establishment of sovereign nations in the region.
The transition from the Spanish colony, which was divided into provinces, to the independent republics of Central America marks a significant historical transformation. This evolution reflects the journey of the region towards self-determination and the establishment of sovereign nations. Over time, Central America underwent a process of decolonization and political restructuring, leading to the emergence of independent republics such as Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica. This shift allowed the peoples of Central America to exercise greater autonomy and shape their own destinies. The establishment of these independent republics represents a pivotal moment in the region's history, as it signifies the triumph of national identities and the desire for self-governance among the Central American nations.In conclusion, the transition from a Spanish colony divided into provinces to the independent republics of Central America highlights the region's journey towards self-governance, autonomy, and the establishment of sovereign nations.
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Which of the following best describes the artist’s likely purpose in painting this particular subject?
Group of answer choices
a) To advocate for violent rebellion against British colonial authorities
b) To call for greater emigration by Europeans to the West Indies
c) To argue for the respectability of free people of color
d) To demonstrate the racial oppression suffered by free people of color in the West Indies
To demonstrate the racial oppression suffered by free people of color in the West Indies. (D)
Based on the given options, the most likely purpose of the painting is to highlight the racial oppression experienced by free people of color in the West Indies. The artist's intention appears to be to bring attention to the unjust treatment and discrimination faced by individuals of African descent who were considered free but still subjected to racial oppression.
The painting likely aims to shed light on the systemic and social inequalities prevalent in the West Indies during that time. By portraying the experiences of free people of color, the artist may seek to challenge and raise awareness about racial injustice, aiming for social change and greater equality.
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based on the excerpt, calhoun would also be most likely to support which of the following? responses proslavery arguments proslavery arguments policies favoring immigration policies favoring immigration expanded united states federal authority expanded united states federal authority united states sale of disputed territory
John C. Calhoun was a prominent political figure in the United States during the mid-19th century, and he was known for his staunch support of states' rights and slavery. He believed that the federal government should have limited power and that individual states should be able to make their own decisions about important issues like slavery.
In order to properly answer this question, it's important to have access to the excerpt being referenced. Without that context, it's difficult to definitively say which option Calhoun would be most likely to support. However, given some background information on Calhoun, it's possible to make an educated guess.
Based on this information, it's reasonable to assume that Calhoun would be most likely to support proslavery arguments and expanded United States federal authority, as those align with his beliefs about states' rights and the role of the federal government. Policies favoring immigration and the United States sale of disputed territory would likely be less important to him in comparison.
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What was the fate of the farmer conscript
in this epic battle?
The specific war, the strategies employed, The historical context, and the players all have a significant impact on how a battle turns out.
From survival to harm or death, A farmer's conscript or any other combatant's outcome can frequently range. Soldiers in wars throughout history faced the possibility of injury, capture, or death.
It is important to keep in mind that a person's success in a war can be influenced by a variety of factors and is not solely dependent on their occupation or background. So this point should be remembered while making decisions.
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an innovation instituted by international harvester in 1926 was
International Harvester introduced a major innovation in 1926 with the release of the Farmall tractor. This was the first successful general-purpose tractor, designed to be used on all types of farms.
It was a significant improvement over previous tractors, which were often too specialized and limited in their capabilities. The Farmall was smaller, lighter, and more maneuverable than earlier models, making it easier to operate and handle. It also had a gasoline-powered engine, which was more reliable and efficient than the steam engines used in many earlier tractors. The Farmall revolutionized agriculture and paved the way for modern farming practices.
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Which of the following best explains why many Europeans maintained a belief in the benefits of scientific progress throughout the twentieth century? a) increased government funding for scientific research b) the influence of Enlightenment thinkers like Descartes and Newton c) the influence of religious institutions d) a decrease in scientific advancements during the period
Many Europeans maintained a belief in the benefits of scientific progress throughout the twentieth century due to various factors.
Firstly, there was a significant increase in government funding for scientific research during this period. This led to the development of new technologies and medical advancements that improved people's lives. Secondly, the influence of Enlightenment thinkers like Descartes and Newton played a role in shaping the European worldview. These philosophers believed that reason and science were the keys to progress and prosperity. Thirdly, while religious institutions initially opposed some scientific advancements, many eventually came to embrace them. For example, the Catholic Church now supports scientific research and has even established an observatory. Finally, there was no decrease in scientific advancements during the period, as suggested by option d. In fact, the twentieth century saw numerous breakthroughs in fields such as genetics, space exploration, and computing. Therefore, a combination of government funding, Enlightenment ideas, religious acceptance, and scientific progress itself all contributed to the belief in the benefits of scientific progress throughout the twentieth century.
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¿Por qué las potencias del mundo buscan controlar Medio Oriente?
One of the main reasons why world powers seek to control the Middle East is the abundance of natural resources that the region possesses, such as oil and natural gas.
The Middle East is home to some of the world's largest oil reserves, making it an important resource for global energy production and consumption.
As a result, many countries seek to establish political and economic influence in the region to secure access to these resources and gain control over their distribution.
In addition to natural resources, the Middle East is also strategically located at the crossroads of three continents: Europe, Asia, and Africa. This makes the region a crucial transit point for international trade and commerce, making it an important hub for transportation and logistics
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T/F Vivekananda thought science and religion could be reconciled.
Answer: False
Explanation: hope that helps
True. Vivekananda believed that science and religion could be reconciled. He did not see them as mutually exclusive but rather as complementary aspects of human understanding and experience.
In his view, science provides us with a rational and empirical understanding of the world, while religion offers us a deeper, more spiritual understanding. He argued that science and religion should work together to advance human knowledge and understanding, rather than being in conflict with one another. Vivekananda saw science and religion as two different approaches to truth, and believed that both were necessary for a complete understanding of the world and our place in it.
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what transportation technologies facilitated trade along the silk roads
The Silk Road was an extensive network of trade routes that connected the East and West, stretching from China to the Mediterranean. The Silk Road was a complex system of interconnected routes, and a wide range of transportation technologies were used to facilitate trade along the Silk Roads.
One of the most significant transportation technologies that facilitated trade along the Silk Roads was the use of camels as pack animals. Camels were highly suited to the arid and semi-arid conditions of Central Asia, and they were capable of carrying heavy loads over long distances. Camel caravans were used to transport goods such as silk, spices, and precious metals from China to the West, and vice versa.
Another important transportation technology used along the Silk Roads was the use of horses for transportation. Horses were used primarily for military and diplomatic purposes, but they were also used to transport goods and people over shorter distances. The Chinese, in particular, were known for their use of horses as a means of transportation, and they played a significant role in the spread of horse breeding and training techniques along the Silk Roads.
Finally, the Silk Roads also saw the development of new forms of transportation technology, such as the invention of the wheelbarrow and the use of river barges for transporting goods along waterways. These innovations helped to make trade along the Silk Roads more efficient and profitable, and they played a critical role in the development of the Silk Road as a major trading network.
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how might tecumseh have benefited from studying european history
Tecumseh, a prominent Native American leader in the early 19th century, could have benefited from studying European history in several ways.
Firstly, he could have gained a better understanding of European culture and values, which would have allowed him to communicate more effectively with European leaders and negotiate more favorable treaties. Additionally, studying European military tactics and strategies would have helped him to better defend his people against European encroachment on Native lands. Furthermore, learning about the political and economic systems of European nations would have given him insights into how to build and maintain a strong and prosperous Native American community. In short, studying European history could have equipped Tecumseh with the knowledge and skills needed to protect and advance the interests of his people in a rapidly changing world.
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Which sound-symbol correspondences are common in words of Anglo-Saxon origin?
Words of Anglo-Saxon origin refer to words that have their roots in the Old English language, which was spoken in England between the 5th and 11th centuries. During this period, the English language was heavily influenced by the Germanic tribes, particularly the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes, who settled in England.
Common sound-symbol correspondences in words of Anglo-Saxon origin include the "ea" and "ie" letter combinations. In English words of Anglo-Saxon origin, the sound-symbol correspondence of"ea" often represents the long vowel sound /iː/ or the short vowel sound /ɛ/. Examples include "tea," "meat," and "head." Similarly, the letter combination "ie" in such words typically represents the long vowel sound /aɪ/ or the short vowel sound /ɛ/. Examples include "pie," "field," and "friend."
Anglo-Saxon words have influenced the English language significantly, and recognizing these sound-symbol correspondences can aid in understanding and pronouncing words accurately.
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what was lincoln's public position on slavery? based on this position, were southerners' fears that a lincoln presidency threatened the institution of slavery founded or unfounded? why?
Abraham Lincoln's public position on slavery was that he was personally opposed to it Southerners' fears that a Lincoln presidency threatened the institution of slavery were founded in the sense that Lincoln's Republican Party was openly anti-slavery, and many Republicans believed that slavery should be abolished.
but recognized that the federal government did not have the power to abolish it where it already existed. He believed that the institution of slavery was morally wrong and that it should not be allowed to expand into new territories. However, he also believed that the rights of states to determine their own laws should be respected.
However, Lincoln himself had made it clear that he did not intend to abolish slavery where it already existed. Instead, he proposed a gradual plan of compensated emancipation, in which slave owners would be paid for freeing their slaves.
Despite Lincoln's moderate position on slavery, many southerners still viewed him as a threat to their way of life. They believed that his election would embolden abolitionists and lead to the eventual abolition of slavery. This fear was compounded by the fact that many Republicans, including Lincoln, believed that slavery was a moral evil that needed to be eliminated. In the end, these fears played a significant role in the outbreak of the Civil War.
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How do Washington tribes activity benefit Washington State economically and environmentally?
Tribes in Washington are making significant investments in the state's quality of life.
Washington’s 29 tribal governments are making significant investments in the state’s quality of life. They are large employers, fiscally independent governments, and contributors to the public good. Growing tribal economies fund schools, housing programs, health clinics, environmental rehabilitation, infrastructure, law enforcement, firefighting, and other public services.
American Indians were rooted in the land, sea, and rivers of what is now Washington long before national and state boundaries were drawn. Tribal governments will not come and go based on new incentives, any more than the government of Washington could move to Illinois. Tribal enterprise profits accrue to these permanent fixtures of the Washington economy (rather than to shareholders distributed across global capital markets). As reservation economies grow from a position below prevailing conditions in Washington, they bring underutilized resources—especially people—into more productive participation in the state economy. Tribes do this without imposing fiscal burdens on the state to cover, for example, the cost of good gaming regulation or municipal road construction adjacent to reservations. And tribes rely heavily on the off-reservation economy for goods, services, and labor, meaning that reservation economic growth quickly registers in the larger economy and, accordingly, in the Washington treasury. Especially in remote rural locations, tribes can be substantial net contributors to regional growth. Tribals follow environmental conservation rules in harvesting edible plants which establish ecological prudence. Tubers of edible plants like those of Dioscorea spp. are harvested by tribals when the leaves of the vine turn yellow and have physiologically matured.
Ecology works with Tribes in a government-to-government relationship to protect and manage shared natural resources and to cooperate across jurisdictions. The unique legal status of Tribes and the presence of treaty-reserved rights and cultural interests throughout the state create a special relationship between Tribes and agencies responsible for managing and protecting the state's natural resources.
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Discuss brifely the poltical,social and economic implications of zemene messsafint
Zemene Mesafint refers to the era of Ethiopian history where the central government had weakened and the country was ruled by warlords. During this period, the political, social, and economic implications of Zemene Mesafint were significant.
Politically, Zemene Mesafint contributed to the disintegration of the Ethiopian state as it enabled regional and provincial leaders to rise to power. The authority of the emperor was limited to a ceremonial position and power was in the hands of provincial governors who competed against each other for resources and territory. This led to conflict and instability.
Socially, the Zemene Mesafint era saw a decline in the status of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church as regional lords confiscated church lands and oppressed the clergy. In addition, slavery was widespread and many Ethiopians were subject to the arbitrary authority of local lords and chiefs. This caused significant suffering for the common people.
Economically, the Zemene Mesafint era was marked by decline and stagnation as there was little investment in the economy and trade routes were disrupted by conflict.
The lack of centralized authority meant that there were no effective policies to encourage economic growth or development.
Overall, the Zemene Mesafint era was characterized by political, social, and economic instability that hampered Ethiopia's development and contributed to its decline.
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What is your vision of the Learner Government in 3 years' time?
"As a sixteen-year-old schoolgirl, I did not know much about being a freedom fighter, although I read nationalist newspapers and knew about the pronouncements of Jomo Kenyatta.* I read his book and Kenyatta himself was a frequent visitor to our home. He would talk to my father for hours on end. But, as children, we did not know what they were discussing. By the time the British declared a state of emergency in Kenya, I had already taken my first oath to the Mau Mau cause. Repeating carefully after the instructor, I swore to:
1. Fight for the soil of Kenya, which had been stolen by the Whites.
2. If possible, get a gun and any other valuables or money to help strengthen the movement.
3. Kill anyone who was against the movement, even if that person was my brother.
The state of emergency and the fighting kept me from studying abroad and joining my sister and brothers, who were studying in England. Finding myself with more time on my hands, I became even more eager to learn about freedom activities and felt even more commitment to Mau Mau, convinced that it was the only way that Kenya could be free.
Matters worsened as the state of emergency continued. People were arrested arbitrarily by the colonial authorities, and Black collaborators accused people of being Mau Mau with little or no proof. Despite the pressure, I felt as determined as ever. In my mind, I had no doubt that I was fighting for a just cause."
*a Kenyan nationalist and independence leader
Wambui Otieno, Kenyan activist, description of her participation in the Mau Mau uprising against British rule in Kenya in the early 1950s, included in an autobiography published in 1998
Which of the following best explains why the movement described in the passage began after the Second World War?
A. The settlement of the conflict divided former German and Japanese colonies among the victorious Allied powers.
B. The racist ideology of the German Nazi regime spread in influence as a result of its early military success.
C. The defeat of the Axis powers required the Allies to grant political concessions in order mobilize colonial populations militarily and economically.
D. The Allied Western European states began to implement more active measures to intervene in the economy through the creation of extensive welfare states.
The best explanation for why the movement described in the passage began after the Second World War is: C. The defeat of the Axis powers required the Allies to grant political concessions in order to mobilize colonial populations militarily and economically.
The passage describes the narrator's involvement in the Mau Mau uprising against British rule in Kenya. The Mau Mau movement emerged in the early 1950s, which was after the Second World War. Option C provides the most relevant explanation for the timing of the movement. After the war, the defeat of the Axis powers (including Germany and Japan) resulted in a shift in global power dynamics. The Allied powers, including Britain, were required to grant political concessions and address the aspirations of colonial populations to maintain control over their territories.
In the context of Kenya, the defeat of the Axis powers likely created an environment where the colonial authorities felt the need to address the demands for self-rule and independence. The granting of political concessions was a means to mobilize colonial populations both militarily and economically, as they played a crucial role in the war effort. This context likely provided an impetus for the emergence of the Mau Mau movement and its fight for freedom and self-determination in Kenya.
The other options (A, B, and D) are not directly related to the situation described in the passage and do not explain the timing of the movement.
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