If seven data points in a row are all below the mean, above the mean, increasing, or decreasing, it is a violation of __________________.
A.the seven run rule
B.the seven points rule
C.a normal distribution
D.standard deviation

Teachers should provide positive feedback and realistic praise to motivate their students to study and to let them know what to do.(A)

When teachers acknowledge their students' efforts and successes, it can boost their confidence and encourage them to continue putting in the effort. It is not about being liked or loved by the students, or receiving praise in return. Rather, it is about creating a positive learning environment where students feel supported and empowered to reach their full potential. Additionally, realistic praise helps students understand their strengths and areas for improvement, allowing them to set achievable goals and work towards further success.

Overall, positive feedback and realistic praise are essential tools for effective teaching and student growth.

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A preschool child's expressive vocabulary is estimated to range from 900 to 1,600 words. This means that a typical 3 to 4-year-old child can speak and understand anywhere from 900 to 1,600 different words. However, it is important to note that these estimates are just averages and there is a lot of individual variability in children's vocabulary size.

During the preschool years, children's vocabulary undergoes a rapid expansion as they begin to learn and use new words every day. They learn words through listening to adults and other children talk, reading books, and experiencing the world around them. By the age of 3, most children can say simple sentences of three to four words, and by age 4, they can usually speak in sentences of five to six words.It is important to note that expressive vocabulary (the words that a child can use and say) is just one aspect of a child's overall language development. Children also develop their receptive vocabulary (the words they understand) and their understanding of grammar, syntax, and pragmatics (the social use of language) during the preschool years.
Parents and caregivers can support children's vocabulary development by talking to them frequently, reading books together, and exposing them to a variety of experiences and environments. Play-based learning activities can also be effective in helping children learn new words and concepts. If parents or caregivers have concerns about a child's language development, they should consult with a speech-language pathologist or other qualified professional.

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Merely atypical or unusual thoughts, feelings, or behaviors do not necessarily signify the presence of a psychological disorder. While it is true that some unusual behaviors or thoughts may be a sign of a psychological disorder, it is important to understand that individual differences in personality, culture, and beliefs can also account for such behavior.

For example, in some cultures, hearing voices or seeing visions may be considered a normal part of spiritual experience rather than a sign of a psychological disorder. Similarly, an individual who enjoys collecting items that others find strange or unusual may simply have a unique interest or hobby rather than a psychological disorder. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate behavior within the context of the individual's culture, personality, and beliefs before diagnosing them with a psychological disorder.

This week's course content emphasizes the importance of understanding individual differences in behavior and personality. Psychologists use the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) to diagnose psychological disorders, which takes into account the context of the behavior and the individual's cultural and social background. Furthermore, it is crucial to use a multidisciplinary approach that includes psychological, biological, and social factors to understand and diagnose psychological disorders accurately. In summary, the mere presence of atypical behavior does not necessarily mean a psychological disorder, and evaluating behavior within the context of the individual's personality, culture, and beliefs is critical.

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Psychological and emotional abuse that involves the spreading of smears, rumors, and private information in order to harm their partner is commonly referred to as "defamation" or "character assassination."

It is a form of psychological manipulation and abuse aimed at damaging the victim's reputation, self-esteem, and social relationships. This behavior can have severe negative effects on the victim's emotional well-being, causing feelings of shame, isolation, and fear. It is important to recognize and address such abusive behaviors, as they can have long-lasting psychological and emotional consequences for the victim.

Supportive resources and interventions, such as counseling, advocacy, and legal measures, may be necessary to help victims recover and protect their well-being.

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Self-discipline plays an important role in leadership development because it helps individuals maintain focus, overcome challenges, and consistently pursue their goals.

Leadership requires individuals to have a clear vision, set goals, and take consistent action to achieve them. Self-discipline is the ability to control one's impulses, emotions, and behaviors in order to stay committed to those goals. It involves making choices and taking actions that align with long-term objectives, even when faced with distractions, obstacles, or short-term temptations.

Leaders who exhibit self-discipline demonstrate qualities such as perseverance, resilience, and integrity. They are able to prioritize tasks, manage their time effectively, and make decisions based on long-term benefits rather than immediate gratification. Self-discipline enables leaders to maintain focus on their goals, follow through on commitments, and inspire others through their consistent actions.

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The actual question is:

Fill in the blanks:

Self-discipline plays an important role in leadership development because ______________.

The third-variable model suggests that associations exist between personality and illness because of a third variable that is causing both of them.

This means that the relationship between personality and illness may not be direct, but rather influenced by another variable. Therefore, it is important to consider all variables involved when examining the personality-illness connection.The model of the personality-illness connection that suggests associations exist between personality and illness due to a third variable causing them both is known as the "Third Variable Model." According to this model, the relationship between personality traits and illness outcomes is not directly causal but is influenced by a third variable or factor that contributes to both personality and illness. This model recognizes that certain underlying factors, such as genetic predispositions, environmental influences, or shared vulnerabilities, may account for the observed associations between personality traits and illness outcomes.

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Answer: I belive the answer is D-he was the product of an interracial marriage.

Explanation: I did my research

**Barack Obama's life before the White House** included attending Yale Law School and being the product of an interracial marriage.

Obama was born to a Kenyan father and an American mother, making him the product of an interracial marriage. Instead of attending Yale Law School, he actually attended Harvard Law School, where he became the first Black president of the Harvard Law Review. Although he was not elected to the House of Representatives in 2004, he was elected as a Senator from Illinois that same year. It is also important to note that he opposed the Iraq War from its beginning, stating that he believed it was an unwise and unnecessary conflict. Overall, Barack Obama had a diverse and impressive background before his presidency, with experiences in education, law, and politics that shaped his eventual leadership in the White House.

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This is because the jurors made a judgment about the defendant's guilt based on his name, which is a stereotype, rather than considering the situational information or extenuating circumstances that might have explained his actions. The answer is (b).

This error demonstrates the power of stereotypes in influencing our judgments and decisions. The example described demonstrates the b. stereotype attribution error. The stereotype attribution error occurs when individuals make attributions about someone's behavior based on stereotypes or preconceived notions associated with their social group or identity, rather than considering situational factors or individual circumstances that may explain the behavior. In the given scenario, the jurors' tendency to attribute guilt to the defendant based solely on his Hispanic name, without considering other relevant information, reflects the stereotype attribution error.

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Effective teachers emphasize planning, drafting, revising, editing, and publishing when implementing the writing process. They also prioritize student engagement, motivation, and ownership of the process.

When effective teachers implement the writing process, they emphasize a step-by-step approach that includes planning, drafting, revising, editing, and publishing. In the planning stage, they help students brainstorm ideas and create outlines to organize their thoughts. During drafting, teachers encourage students to write their initial thoughts without worrying about perfect grammar or structure. In the revision stage, students are guided to refine their work by adding details, improving sentence structure, and ensuring clarity of ideas.

Editing focuses on correcting grammar, spelling, and punctuation. Finally, in the publishing stage, students share their final work with an audience. Throughout this process, effective teachers support student engagement, motivation, and ownership, and adapt the process according to student's individual needs and learning styles.

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The answer to option is D. The transaction will be treated as a short-term capital asset sale. This is because the individual held the stock for less than one year before executing the short sale and delivering the shares to cover the sale.

When an individual sells a stock that they do not own (a short sale), they must eventually deliver the shares to the buyer. In this case, the individual delivered the shares on December 21, Year 2, which is after the one-year mark from when they initially acquired the shares on December 20, Year 1. However, the gain or loss on the short sale is still treated as short-term because the short sale was executed less than one year after the shares were acquired.

Short-term capital gains are taxed at a higher rate than long-term capital gains, so it is important for investors to be aware of the tax implications of their trades. In this case, the gain or loss on the short sale will be subject to short-term capital gains tax rates.

It is worth noting that the exact tax treatment of a short sale can depend on various factors, such as the specific type of security being sold and the timing of the sale. Investors should always consult with a tax professional for specific advice on their individual tax situations. Therefore The correct option is D.

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The early stages of a medical condition can often be differentiated from the potential development of a more threatening condition based on several factors. In the initial stages, symptoms may be mild, localized, and manageable, whereas in advanced stages, symptoms may become more severe, widespread, and harder to control.

Firstly, one should observe the severity of symptoms. Mild symptoms in the early stages may include discomfort, fatigue, or minor pain, while more threatening conditions often present with more pronounced and debilitating symptoms.

Secondly, the progression of the condition plays a crucial role. Early-stage conditions tend to have a slower progression, while more threatening conditions may progress rapidly, causing significant deterioration in health.

Lastly, the response to treatment can also differentiate early stages from potential threatening conditions. In early stages, the condition might respond well to treatments and interventions, leading to symptom relief and management. In contrast, more threatening conditions may be resistant or less responsive to treatment, indicating a higher level of severity and risk.

In summary, the factors that differentiate early-stage conditions from potentially more threatening conditions include the severity and progression of symptoms and the response to treatment. By monitoring these factors, healthcare professionals can assess the stage of a condition and determine appropriate interventions.

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An interpersonal relationship differs from an impersonal one because we share our thoughts and feelings with each other. In an interpersonal relationship, there is a deeper level of emotional connection and communication. The other person's life affects ours and we find the time spent in the relationship rewarding.

We invest time and energy in nurturing the relationship, and when it changes or ends, we feel sad. In contrast, impersonal relationships are more casual and transactional, lacking the emotional depth and investment of interpersonal relationships. While both types of relationships have their place in our lives, interpersonal relationships are generally more fulfilling and meaningful.
An interpersonal relationship differs from an impersonal one because of option E, all of the above. In an interpersonal relationship, we share our thoughts and feelings with each other, the other person's life affects ours, we experience sadness when the relationship changes or ends, and we find the time spent in the relationship rewarding. These factors contribute to a deeper connection and emotional involvement, distinguishing it from an impersonal relationship where interactions are more superficial and lack emotional depth.

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Everyday racism refers to the subtle and pervasive forms of racism that are commonly encountered in routine life. This includes stereotypes, biases, and prejudices held by individuals that may perpetuate racial inequality and discrimination. Examples of everyday racism mentioned are believing that most drug dealers are nonwhite, believing that Hispanics are inherently lazy, and being prejudiced against Jews.

On the other hand, the racism found in hate groups goes beyond everyday racism and involves extremist ideologies, conspiracy theories, and overt expressions of racial hatred. It is characterized by organized and purposeful discrimination, violence, and the dehumanization of specific racial or ethnic groups. Examples of racism found in hate groups mentioned are believing in a Jewish conspiracy that determines the fate of individual Aryans, believing that Hispanic immigrants are an imminent threat to the white race, and believing that Barack Obama is a Muslim terrorist sent to control America.

Understanding the differences between everyday racism and racism found in hate groups is important to recognize the various forms and levels of racial discrimination. While everyday racism may involve biases and stereotypes that perpetuate inequality, racism found in hate groups often involves extreme ideologies and explicit expressions of racial hatred. Combating racism requires addressing both individual prejudices and the systemic ideologies that fuel hate groups.

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Prices often increase with time, however this is not always the case (deflation is the result). The Consumer Price Index (CPI), which calculates the percent change in the cost of a selection of products and services that families typically use, is the most well-known measure of inflation.

In economics, inflation refers to a rise in the average price of products and services throughout a country's economy. The buying power of money decreases when the overall price level rises, which is why inflation is often known as a rise in prices.

Consumer Price Index is the reverse of inflation and refers to a drop in the general level of prices for goods and services. The inflation rate, which is the annualized percentage change in a general price index, is a commonly used indicator of inflation.

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From Chapter 6, we learn that race is a socially constructed concept that is based on physical characteristics such as skin color, facial features, and hair texture. It is also a concept that is used to categorize people into distinct groups based on these physical characteristics.

In the United States, race has been historically used to create a racial hierarchy where white people are placed at the top and people of color are placed at the bottom.
With that being said, President Barack Obama's race is commonly described as African American or black because he is biracial, having a white mother from Kansas and a black father from Kenya.

However, due to the historical and societal construct of race in the United States, individuals with any amount of black ancestry have been historically categorized as black or African American.

This is known as the "one-drop rule," which was a legal and social principle that classified any person with any African ancestry as black.

This principle was used to maintain racial hierarchy and to justify the oppression of people of color.

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Sexual activity tends to start earliest among individuals who experience early puberty, have a history of childhood sexual abuse, come from lower socioeconomic backgrounds, have poor parental relationships or parental monitoring, and are exposed to sexual content in the media or peers.

Additionally, those who have permissive attitudes towards sex and have had previous sexual experiences are more likely to engage in sexual activity at an earlier age. It is important to note that early sexual activity can have negative consequences on physical and mental health, including the risk of sexually transmitted infections and unwanted pregnancies, as well as negative effects on emotional well-being and future relationships.

Education and access to contraception and reproductive healthcare can help reduce these risks.

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True, when countries trade with one another in a particular industry, there may be job losses and plant closures in the country where the industry is not as competitive.

True. When countries engage in trade, particularly in a specific industry where one country has a competitive advantage over another, there is a possibility of job losses and plant closures in the less competitive country. This outcome is often a result of the principle of comparative advantage, which suggests that countries should specialize in producing goods or services in which they have a lower opportunity cost compared to other countries.

When a country specializes in industries where it has a comparative advantage, it can produce goods or services more efficiently and at a lower cost. This can lead to increased exports and economic benefits for that country. However, it may also result in decreased demand for those goods or services in the less competitive country, leading to job losses and plant closures in that particular industry.

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Black participants only performed worse than White participants when the test was framed as being diagnostic of intelligence.

The seminal research article by Steele and Aronson (1995) examined the concept of stereotype threat and its impact on test performance, particularly among Black students. Stereotype threat refers to the phenomenon where individuals, when aware of negative stereotypes associated with their social group, may experience anxiety and fear of confirming those stereotypes, which can negatively impact their performance.

In their study, Steele and Aronson conducted experiments involving Black and White participants and manipulated the framing of the test to assess its impact on performance. They found that when the test was framed as being diagnostic of intelligence, Black participants performed worse compared to White participants. This framing created a stereotype threat situation, activating concerns about confirming negative stereotypes related to intelligence.

Conversely, when the test was framed as being non-diagnostic of intelligence, Black participants performed just as well as White participants. This framing alleviated the stereotype threat and allowed participants to perform up to their true potential, without the burden of stereotype-related anxiety.

These findings provided empirical evidence supporting the role of stereotype threat in contributing to the achievement gap. They suggested that the negative stereotypes about intelligence held by society can create additional psychological and emotional pressures on individuals from stereotyped groups, leading to underperformance in situations where their abilities are being assessed.

Overall, the research highlighted the importance of understanding and addressing stereotype threat in educational and testing environments to promote equitable outcomes and eliminate performance gaps based on race or other social identities.

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A literature review is an essential component of any research study, and it should be approached in a systematic and deliberate manner. It involves a comprehensive and critical examination of the available literature on a particular research topic.

The goal of a literature review is to identify the gaps in the existing knowledge base and to provide a foundation for further research. In order to conduct a successful literature review, it is important to have a clear understanding of the research problem that you are trying to address. This means that the review should be organized and focused, with specific research questions or hypotheses guiding the search for relevant literature.

Additionally, the review should be done in pieces, with each piece building on the previous one, in order to create a cohesive and comprehensive analysis of the literature. This may involve reading and summarizing a large number of articles, books, and other sources, as well as evaluating the quality and relevance of each piece of literature. Ultimately, a literature review should be a thoughtful and deliberate process that is undertaken with the goal of informing and guiding a research study.

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The goal of most negotiations is achieving a valued outcome. Hence, option (b) is the correct answer choice.

The primary goal of most negotiations is to reach an outcome that is considered valuable and favorable to the parties involved. Negotiations typically involve a process of give-and-take, where each party seeks to secure their interests, maximize their gains, and find a mutually acceptable solution. The specific objectives and desired outcomes may vary depending on the context and the nature of the negotiation, but ultimately, the aim is to achieve a result that satisfies the interests and needs of all parties involved.

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You can define a condition with a list of two or more values for a field by using the "IN" comparison operator.

The "IN" operator allows you to specify multiple values within parentheses, separated by commas, to check if a field matches any of those values. This operator is commonly used in database queries and programming languages to simplify conditional statements. By using the "IN" operator, you can efficiently check if a field's value matches any of the specified values without writing separate conditions for each value. It provides a concise and flexible way to evaluate multiple possibilities and streamline your code.

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Though there may be some overlap in certain competencies, such as effective communication or leadership, the core skills and expertise required for a U.S. Senator and a famous musician or actor are fundamentally different.

To be an effective U.S. Senator, several competencies are crucial. These include strong leadership skills, effective communication and negotiation abilities, critical thinking and problem-solving skills, a deep understanding of public policy and legislative processes, and the ability to build relationships and collaborate with colleagues. Senators must also possess political acumen, a commitment to public service, and the capacity to represent the interests of their constituents.

On the other hand, the competencies needed to excel as a famous musician or actor are distinct. While talent and creativity in their respective art forms are essential, musicians and actors require skills such as performing, stage presence, artistic expression, mastery of their craft, and the ability to connect with audiences emotionally. They also need resilience, adaptability, discipline, and a strong work ethic to navigate the demanding and competitive nature of the entertainment industry.

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Carlos's argument that internalized homophobia increases the likelihood of lifetime IPV is supported by empirical evidence. Jose's claim that internalized homophobia lowers IPV is not supported by research and may be based on a lack of understanding of the complex factors that contribute to IPV in LGBTQ+ relationships.

Several studies have shown that internalized homophobia can increase the likelihood of lifetime intimate partner violence (IPV).

One study conducted by Stephenson et al. (2013) found that gay and bisexual men who experienced higher levels of internalized homophobia were more likely to report physical and sexual violence in their relationships.

Another study by Kaysen et al. (2014) found that lesbian and bisexual women who reported higher levels of internalized homophobia were at greater risk for IPV perpetration and victimization.
These findings suggest that internalized homophobia can lead to negative self-perceptions, feelings of shame, and difficulties in seeking help and support, all of which can contribute to increased IPV.

In addition, internalized homophobia may also lead to feelings of isolation, which can increase the risk of IPV perpetration and victimization.

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Colin draws back the curtain from his mother's portrait because he now likes to look at her and see her laughing. This action brings him a sense of happiness and connection to his mother.

To connect with her memory or feel closer to her, Colin could lift the drapes from the photo of his mother. He might experience nostalgia, longing, or even comfort upon discovering her image exposed. It can be a private tradition or a way for him to honour his mother throughout his life. Colin's need to face unresolved feelings or memories connected to his mother could be represented by Colin pulling back the curtain from her photo.

He might be making an effort to face his sorrow, accept the past, or perhaps address any unresolved difficulties he may have had with his mother by revealing the portrait. It can be a symbolic action signifying his readiness to speak.

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Devon likely has a strong sense of parenting self-efficacy. This means that he believes in his ability to effectively parent his children and feels confident in his skills and knowledge. This sense of competence motivates him to invest more time and effort into his parenting, even when faced with challenges or difficulties.

Devon's high level of parenting efficacy can have a number of advantageous impacts. He may be inspired to spend more time and effort on parenting, be more involved with his kids, and persevere in the face of setbacks. Devon's confidence in his talents might motivate him to seek help, persevere in seeking solutions, and problem-solve when faced with parenting challenges.

Devon may have a good parent-child relationship as a result of his high self-efficacy. His self-assurance in his parenting abilities can encourage a nurturing and encouraging environment where he feels at ease giving advice and attending to his children's needs. Overall, Devon's positive parenting self-efficacy can lead to better outcomes for both him and his children, as it fosters a nurturing and supportive family environment.

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Freud revolutionized the study and treatment of mental illness by developing a method of therapy known as psychoanalysis. This approach to therapy involved exploring unconscious thoughts and feelings in order to gain insight into the patient's mental state and behaviour.

While Freud did not advocate for the use of medications as a primary treatment for mental illness, his emphasis on clinical diagnosis and appropriate medical treatment did contribute to a more comprehensive approach to mental health care. Additionally, Freud's theories about the social and psychological factors that contribute to mental illness helped to redefine the way that insanity was understood and diagnosed.

In psychoanalysis, the patient and therapist collaborate to use various methods, such as free association, dream analysis, and transference interpretation, to bring these unconscious conflicts into waking awareness. Overall, Freud's contributions to the field of psychology had a profound impact on the way that mental illness is studied, diagnosed, and treated today.

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True. Tracking what a partner is doing through social media in an effort to control them is a form of relationship abuse and can be harmful to the relationship.

It is important to establish healthy communication and trust with a partner, rather than resorting to controlling behaviors .racking a partner's activities through social media with the intention of controlling them is indeed an example of relationship abuse. This behavior falls under the category of emotional or psychological abuse, which is characterized by manipulative tactics aimed at exerting power and control over a partner. Monitoring someone's social media activity without their consent can be invasive and can undermine their sense of privacy, autonomy, and personal freedom. It can lead to feelings of fear, anxiety, and a loss of trust within the relationship. Such controlling behaviors are harmful and can have long-lasting negative effects on the well-being and mental health of the victim. It's important to foster healthy and respectful relationships built on trust, communication, and mutual support, rather than engaging in controlling behaviors that can lead to abuse.
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Answer: generative

Explanation: i did my research

According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, Saeko's commitment to the improvement of society through her connection with children and grandchildren is indicative of her being in the stage of generativity versus stagnation.

This stage typically occurs during middle adulthood and involves a focus on contributing to the greater good and leaving a positive legacy for future generations. Individuals in this stage may feel a sense of purpose and fulfillment through their work, parenting, or involvement in community service and activism. On the other hand, those who are unable to find ways to contribute may experience feelings of stagnation, isolation, and despair. Saeko's dedication to improving society through her family connections suggests that she is actively seeking ways to make a positive impact and leave a meaningful legacy.

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A **nation-state** is a group of people with a shared identity and culture (a nation) who possess their own territory and state government, or a state-level political system that contains all and only members of one nation.

A nation-state is formed when a group of people who share a common culture, history, and language come together under a single political system, typically with a defined territory and sovereign government. This concept differs from a **country**, which refers to a geographical area with defined borders, and a **government**, which is the organization responsible for governing a country or territory. A **nation** refers to a group of people with a shared identity, but it may not always have its own territory or government. Nation-states are important because they provide a political framework for preserving the unique culture and identity of a specific nation within a larger global community.

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The system in which all council members run citywide and are voted on by all of the voters in the city is called an at-large election (option b).

In this type of electoral system, candidates for council positions are not restricted to specific districts or wards within the city; instead, they compete for seats in a citywide election.

At-large elections allow all voters in the city to participate in selecting council members. Rather than being confined to a specific geographical area, voters have the opportunity to vote for candidates from any part of the city. This system aims to ensure that council members represent the interests and concerns of the entire city's population rather than specific districts.

In contrast, a single-member election (option a) would involve dividing the city into districts, and voters from each district would choose a representative for their specific area. The primary election (option c) is a preliminary election held to determine which candidates will represent their respective political parties in the general election (option d), where the final selection of council members occurs.

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