Specify the order that the reagents are used in the reaction. 5 ts A) KOC(CH3)3 (2 equiv) in DMSO B) POCIz in pyridine C) Cl2 eBook A B Print ferences first second third

Answers

Answer 1

The reagents are used in the following order in the reaction: first, [tex]\( \text{KOC(CH}_3\text{)}_3 \) (2 equiv)[/tex] in DMSO; second, [tex]\( \text{POCl}_3 \)[/tex] in pyridine; third,[tex]\( \text{Cl}_2 \).[/tex]

In the reaction, the reagents are used in a specific order to carry out the desired transformation. Here is the stepwise order:

1. First:[tex]\( \text{KOC(CH}_3\text{)}_3 \) (2 equiv)[/tex] in DMSOThe reaction starts with the addition of potassium tert-butoxide[tex](\( \text{KOC(CH}_3\text{)}_3 \))[/tex] in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as the solvent. This reagent is used in a 2:1 molar ratio, meaning twice the amount of [tex]\( \text{KOC(CH}_3\text{)}_3 \)[/tex] is used compared to the other reagents.

2. Second: [tex]\( \text{POCl}_3 \)[/tex] in pyridine

After the first step, [tex]\( \text{POCl}_3 \)[/tex] (phosphorus trichloride) in pyridine is added. Pyridine serves as a base and facilitates the reaction by capturing the hydrogen chloride (HCl) generated during the reaction.

3. Third: [tex]\( \text{Cl}_2 \)[/tex]

In the final step, chlorine gas [tex](\( \text{Cl}_2 \))[/tex] is introduced. This may be added directly or generated in situ from another source. The purpose of adding chlorine is to carry out a specific transformation or reaction in the overall process.

Therefore, the correct order of reagent usage in the reaction is: first, \[tex]( \text{KOC(CH}_3\text{)}_3 \) (2 equiv) in DMSO; second, \( \text{POCl}_3 \)[/tex] in pyridine; third, [tex]\( \text{Cl}_2 \).[/tex]

Learn more about reagent here:

https://brainly.com/question/28463799

#SPJ11


Related Questions

Using any data you can find in the ALEKS Data resource, calculate the equilibrium constant K at 25. 0°C for the following reaction.

TiCl4(g)+ 2H2O(g)â TiO2(s)+ 4HCl(g). Round your answer to 2 significant digits

Answers

The equilibrium constant Kc for the reaction TiCl₄(g) + 2H₂O(g) → TiO₂(s) + 4HCl(g) at 25.0 °C is 0.29.

The equilibrium constant expression for the above reaction is:

Kc = [HCl]⁴ / [TiCl₄][H₂O]²

The value of Kc for the above reaction at 25.0 °C can be found using the data from the ALEKS data resource.The standard free energy change (∆G°) for the above reaction can be obtained using the following relation:

∆G° = -RT ln Kc

where,

R is the universal gas constant = 8.3145 J/K/molT is the temperature in Kelvin = 298.15 K

Thus

∆G° = -8.3145 x 298.15 x ln Kc

= - 2486.6 J/mol

Since the value of ∆G° is known, we can calculate the value of Kc at 25.0 °C by using the following relation:

Kc = e^(-∆G°/RT)

Kc = e^(-2486.6 / (8.3145 x 298.15))

Kc = e^(-1.2426)

Kc = 0.289 (approx)

Therefore, the equilibrium constant Kc for the reaction TiCl₄(g) + 2H₂O(g) → TiO₂(s) + 4HCl(g) at 25.0 °C is 0.29 (approx) rounded off to two significant digits.

Learn more about equilibrium constant: https://brainly.com/question/29809185

#SPJ11

which of the following is not true of reduction? group of answer choices there are fewer bonds to heteroatoms it is a decrease in oxidation number it is a gain of electrons there are fewer bonds to hydrogen atoms

Answers

The statement "there are fewer bonds to hydrogen atoms" is not true of reduction. Reduction is a chemical reaction that involves the gain of electrons by an atom or molecule.

The statement "there are fewer bonds to hydrogen atoms" is not true of reduction. Reduction is a chemical reaction that involves the gain of electrons by an atom or molecule. During a reduction reaction, the oxidation state of the atom or molecule decreases, which means there is a gain of electrons. This gain of electrons can lead to the formation of new bonds with hydrogen atoms, so the statement "there are fewer bonds to hydrogen atoms" is not true.
On the other hand, reduction can lead to a decrease in the number of bonds to heteroatoms. Heteroatoms are atoms other than carbon and hydrogen that are present in a molecule, such as nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and others. Reduction can cause the reduction of these heteroatoms to form new, less oxidized compounds. Additionally, reduction leads to a decrease in the oxidation number of the molecule or atom, which is an indication of the electron distribution in a molecule. Therefore, the statement "it is a decrease in oxidation number" and "it is a gain of electrons" are both true of reduction.

To know more about reduction visit: https://brainly.com/question/13161826

#SPJ11

In the electrolysis of water, how long will it take to produce 185.0 L of H2 at 1.0 atm and 273 K using an electrolytic cell through which the current is 185.0 mA? How many hours?

Answers

It will take approximately 170.84 hours to produce 185.0 L of H2 at 1.0 atm and 273 K using an electrolytic cell with a current of 185.0 mA.

To determine the time required to produce 185.0 L of H2 at 1.0 atm and 273 K using an electrolytic cell with a current of 185.0 mA, we need to use Faraday's law of electrolysis and the ideal gas law.

The balanced equation for the electrolysis of water is:

2H2O(l) -> 2H2(g) + O2(g)

From the equation, we can see that 2 moles of H2 are produced for every mole of O2.

First, we need to calculate the number of moles of H2 required to obtain 185.0 L at 1.0 atm and 273 K using the ideal gas law:

PV = nRT

n = PV / RT

= (1.0 atm) * (185.0 L) / (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K)) * (273 K)

= 14.15 mol

Since the reaction produces 2 moles of H2 for every mole of O2, we need 7.08 moles of H2.

Next, we can use Faraday's law of electrolysis to calculate the time required. The relationship between the amount of substance produced (n) and the current (I) is given by:

n = (I * t) / (nF)

where:

I = current (in amperes)

t = time (in seconds)

n = moles of substance

F = Faraday's constant (96485 C/mol)

Plugging in the values, we have:

7.08 mol = (0.185 A * t) / (2 * 96485 C/mol)

Solving for t, we find:

t = (7.08 mol * 2 * 96485 C/mol) / (0.185 A)

= 615032 s

Converting the time to hours:

t_hours = 615032 s / 3600 s/h

≈ 170.84 hours

Know more about electrolysis of water here:

https://brainly.com/question/29553572

#SPJ11

an additional 0.114 mol of gas is added to the balloon (at the same temperature and pressure), what will its final volume be? express your answer in liters to three significant figures.

Answers

The final volume of the balloon is 1.145 times the initial volume when an additional 0.114 mol of gas is added to the balloon.

To determine the final volume of the balloon when an additional 0.114 mol of gas is added, we need to use the ideal gas law equation, which states:

PV = nRT

Where:

P is the pressure

V is the volume

n is the number of moles

R is the ideal gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K))

T is the temperature in Kelvin

Since the temperature and pressure are constant, we can write the equation as:

V₁/n₁ = V₂/n₂

Where:

V₁ is the initial volume of the balloon

n₁ is the initial number of moles of gas

V₂ is the final volume of the balloon

n₂ is the final number of moles of gas

Given that the initial volume is known and we add 0.114 mol of gas, we can calculate the final volume as follows:

V₂ = (V₁/n₁) * n₂ = (V₁/0.786 mol) * (0.786 mol + 0.114 mol)

V₂ = V₁ * (1 + 0.114/0.786)

V₂ = V₁ * 1.145

To learn more about volume click here https://brainly.com/question/25252629

#SPJ11

If the frequency of vibration for a C-O bond is -1100 cm-1, the vibration frequency for a C-Cl bond would be A higher. B lower. C not possible to determine with the information given. D identical.

Answers

The vibration frequency for a C-Cl bond would be lower compared to the frequency of vibration for a C-O bond.

The vibrational frequencies of bonds are determined by the masses of the atoms involved and the strength of the bond. In general, heavier atoms and stronger bonds result in lower vibrational frequencies. The atomic mass of chlorine (Cl) is greater than that of oxygen (O), and the C-Cl bond is generally stronger than the C-O bond. Therefore, based on this information, we can conclude that the vibration frequency for a C-Cl bond would be lower than the vibration frequency for a C-O bond.

To further support this conclusion, we can consider the typical range of vibrational frequencies for different types of bonds. Carbon-oxygen (C-O) bonds typically have vibrational frequencies in the range of around 1000-1400 cm-1. On the other hand, carbon-chlorine (C-Cl) bonds tend to have lower vibrational frequencies, typically falling within the range of 600-800 cm-1. This suggests that the vibration frequency for a C-Cl bond would indeed be lower than the vibration frequency for a C-O bond. Therefore, the correct answer is B: lower.

To learn more about frequency refer:

https://brainly.com/question/31452434

#SPJ11

suppose 0.690M of electrons must be transported from one side of an electrochemical cell to another in 60 seconds. calculate the size of electric current that must flow.

Answers

Suppose 0.690M of electrons must be transported from one side of an electrochemical cell to another in 60 seconds. The size of the electric current that must flow is approximately 1,110 amperes.

To calculate the size of the electric current that must flow to transport 0.690 M of electrons in 60 seconds, we need to use Faraday’s constant and the formula for electric current.

Faraday’s constant (F) represents the charge carried by one mole of electrons and is approximately 96,485 C/mol.  First, we need to convert the concentration of electrons (0.690 M) to the number of moles using the formula:

Moles = concentration × volume

As we are not given the volume, we will assume it to be 1 liter for simplicity. Therefore, the number of moles of electrons is:

Moles = 0.690 M × 1 L

      = 0.690 mol

Next, we can calculate the total charge carried by these moles of electrons using Faraday’s constant:

Charge = moles × Faraday’s constant

      = 0.690 mol × 96,485 C/mol

      ≈ 66,618 C

Finally, we can calculate the electric current using the formula:

Current = charge / time

Where time is given as 60 seconds:

Current = 66,618 C / 60 s

             ≈ 1,110 A

Therefore, the size of the electric current that must flow is approximately 1,110 amperes.

Learn more about Faraday’s constant here:

https://brainly.com/question/31604460?

#SPJ11

identify the functional groups in the following molecules h2n ch3 ch3

Answers

The given molecule, H2N-CH3-CH3, contains two functional groups: an amino group (NH2) and two methyl groups (CH3). The amino group is a characteristic functional group found in amines, while the methyl group is a common alkyl group.

In the given molecule, H2N-CH3-CH3, we can identify two functional groups. The first functional group is the amino group (NH2) located at the beginning of the molecule. The amino group consists of a nitrogen atom (N) bonded to two hydrogen atoms (H), forming an amine functional group.

The second functional group is the methyl group (CH3), which is repeated twice in the molecule. The methyl group is an alkyl group, specifically a one-carbon alkyl group. It consists of a carbon atom (C) bonded to three hydrogen atoms (H), representing a simple alkyl substitution.

Therefore, the functional groups present in the molecule are the amino group (NH2), characteristic of amines, and two methyl groups (CH3), which are alkyl groups.

Learn more about functional group here:

https://brainly.com/question/28563874

#SPJ11

Determine the redox reaction represented by the following cell notation.
Mg(s) | Mg2+(aq) || Cu2+(aq) | Cu(s)
Determine the redox reaction represented by the following cell notation.
Mg(s) | Mg2+(aq) || Cu2+(aq) | Cu(s)
2 Mg(s) + Cu2+(aq) ? Cu(s) + 2 Mg2+(aq)
Mg(s) + Cu2+(aq) ? Cu(s) + Mg2+(aq)
2 Cu(s) + Mg2+(aq) ? Mg(s) + 2 Cu2+(aq)
Cu(s) + Mg2+(aq) ? Mg(s) + Cu2+(aq)
3 Mg(s) + 2 Cu2+(aq) ? 2 Cu(s) + 3 Mg2+(aq)

Answers

The redox reaction represented by the given cell notation is:

[tex]2 Mg(s) + Cu_2+(aq) - > Cu(s) + 2 Mg_2+(aq).[/tex]

In this reaction, magnesium (Mg) is oxidized to [tex]Mg_2+(aq)[/tex], while copper [tex](Cu_2+)[/tex] is reduced to Cu(s). The half-reactions can be written as follows:

Oxidation half-reaction:

[tex]Mg(s) - > Mg2_+(aq) + 2e-[/tex]

Reduction half-reaction:

[tex]Cu_2^+(aq) + 2e \,- > Cu(s)[/tex]

In the overall reaction, two magnesium atoms lose electrons (oxidation) to form [tex]Mg_2^+[/tex] ions, while one copper ion gains two electrons (reduction) to form solid copper. This reaction is a classic example of a redox reaction where oxidation and reduction occur simultaneously.

The cell notation used in the question indicates a galvanic cell or voltaic cell, which consists of two half-cells connected by a salt bridge or porous barrier. The left side of the notation represents the anode (oxidation half-reaction) and the right side represents the cathode (reduction half-reaction).

Overall, the given cell notation represents the redox reaction where magnesium (Mg) is oxidized at the anode, and copper [tex](Cu_2^+)[/tex] is reduced at the cathode, resulting in the transfer of electrons and the formation of Mg2+ and Cu(s) species.

To learn more about redox refer:

https://brainly.com/question/21851295

#SPJ11

The pH of a buffer solution that is made by mixing equal volumes of 0.10 M HNO2 and 0.10 M NANO2 is Note: Ką for HNO2 is 7.1 x 10-4 4.67 5.50 3.15 3.19

Answers

The pH of a buffer solution that is made by mixing equal volumes of 0.10 M HNO₂ = 3.15

Option C is correct .

pH = pKa + log [ NO₂⁻ ] / [ HNO₂]

          pH = - log Ka + log 0.10 / 0.10

             pH = 4 - log 7.1

                       = 3.148 ≅ 3.15

Buffer solution :

The pH of an alkaline buffer solution is higher than 7. Soluble support arrangements are regularly produced using a frail base and one of its salts. A mixture of ammonia solution and ammonium chloride solution is a common illustration. In the event that these were blended in equivalent molar extents, the arrangement would have a pH of 9.25.

A buffer is a solution that can resist changing its pH when acidic or basic ingredients are added. It can neutralize small amounts of added acid or base, maintaining a relatively stable pH in the solution. This is significant for processes and additionally responses which require explicit and stable pH ranges.

Incomplete question :

The pH of a buffer solution that is made by mixing equal volumes of 0.10 M HNO₂ and 0.10 M NaNO₂ is Note: Ką for HNO₂ is 7.1 x 10⁻⁴

A. 4.67

B. 5.50

C. 3.15

D. 3.19

Learn more about buffer solution :

brainly.com/question/13076037

#SPJ4

A chemical reaction occurs in 50.0 g of water, and the specific heat of water is 4.18 J/g·°C.
The initial temperature was 20.0°C, and the final temperature was 26.6°C. What was the
heat flow?

Answers

The heat flow in this chemical reaction is 1379.4 Joules.

To calculate the heat flow in this chemical reaction, we can use the equation:

Heat flow = mass × specific heat capacity × change in temperature

Given:

Mass of water = 50.0 g

Specific heat capacity of water = 4.18 J/g·°C

Initial temperature = 20.0°C

Final temperature = 26.6°C

First, we need to calculate the change in temperature:

Change in temperature = Final temperature - Initial temperature

Change in temperature = 26.6°C - 20.0°C

Change in temperature = 6.6°C

Next, we can substitute the values into the heat flow equation:

Heat flow = 50.0 g × 4.18 J/g·°C × 6.6°C

Calculating the heat flow:

Heat flow = 1379.4 J

Therefore, the heat flow in this chemical reaction is 1379.4 Joules.

The heat flow represents the amount of energy transferred as heat in a chemical reaction or process. In this case, we are calculating the heat flow in water. By multiplying the mass of water (50.0 g) by the specific heat capacity of water (4.18 J/g·°C) and the change in temperature (6.6°C), we obtain the heat flow in Joules.

It's important to note that the specific heat capacity of water is approximately 4.18 J/g·°C, but this value can vary slightly with temperature. This calculation assumes that the specific heat capacity remains constant over the given temperature range.

For more such question on heat flow  visit

https://brainly.com/question/16055406

#SPJ8

which statements about spontaneous processes are true? select all that apply: a spontaneous process is one that occurs very quickly. a process that is spontaneous in one direction is nonspontaneous in the other direction under a given set of conditions, provided the system is not at equilibrium. a spontaneous process is one that occurs without continuous input of energy from outside the system. a process is spontaneous if it must be continuously forced or driven.

Answers

A spontaneous process doesn't necessarily occur quickly, and a process requiring continuous force or drive isn't considered spontaneous.

A spontaneous process is one that occurs without continuous input of energy from outside the system. A process that is spontaneous in one direction is nonspontaneous in the other direction under a given set of conditions, provided the system is not at equilibrium. A spontaneous process is one that occurs without continuous input of energy from outside the system. Additionally, a process that is spontaneous in one direction is nonspontaneous in the other direction under a given set of conditions, provided the system is not at equilibrium. It's important to note that a spontaneous process doesn't necessarily occur quickly, and a process requiring continuous force or drive isn't considered spontaneous.

To know more about spontaneous visit:

https://brainly.com/question/5372689

#SPJ11

the following pair has both reduced forms of electron carriers:
- NADH / FAD
- NAD+ / FADH2
- NADH / FADH2
- NAD+ / FAD

Answers

The pair that has both reduced forms of electron carriers is NADH/FADH2. NADH is a reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), which becomes reduced when it gains a pair of electrons and a hydrogen ion.

FADH2 is a reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), which also becomes reduced when it gains a pair of electrons and two hydrogen ions. These reduced forms of electron carriers play important roles in cellular respiration, particularly in the electron transport chain. NADH and FADH2 donate their electrons to the electron transport chain, which then uses them to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.

Overall, the reduction of NAD+ and FAD to their respective reduced forms, NADH and FADH2, is essential for energy production in cells.

To know more about electrons visit:

https://brainly.com/question/12001116

#SPJ11

a sensitive gravimeter at a mountain observatory finds that the free-fall acceleration is 9.00×10−3 m/s2m/s2 less than that at sea level.

Answers

Acceleration due to gravity, denoted as 'g', is the rate at which an object falls towards the Earth. It is a fundamental constant, with an approximate value of 9.81 m/s^2 at sea level. However, the value of g varies with altitude and latitude.

In this scenario, the sensitive gravimeter at the mountain observatory found that the free-fall acceleration was 9.00×10^-3 m/s^2 less than that at sea level. This difference in acceleration can be attributed to several factors, such as the distance from the centre of the Earth, the mass of the mountain, and the rotation of the Earth. These factors cause the gravitational force to vary, resulting in a change in acceleration. It is important to note that even small changes in acceleration can have significant effects on the behaviour of objects. Therefore, accurate measurements of acceleration are critical for many fields, including geophysics, navigation, and space exploration. The sensitivity of gravimeters and other measurement devices is crucial in achieving such precision.

Learn more about gravitational force here ;

https://brainly.com/question/29190673

#SPJ11

Which of these molecules could dissolve in water? A. BH3 B. NH3​

Answers

Among the given options, NH3 (ammonia) can dissolve in water.

NH3 is a polar molecule, meaning it has a partial positive charge on the hydrogen atoms and a partial negative charge on the nitrogen atom. Water (H2O) is also a polar molecule, with the oxygen atom being partially negative and the hydrogen atoms partially positive.

BH3 (borane) is a nonpolar molecule. It does not possess a significant charge separation and does not readily form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. Therefore, BH3 is not expected to dissolve in water to a significant extent.

Therefore, NH3 (ammonia) can dissolve in water, while BH3 (borane) does not readily dissolve in water.

For more details regarding NH3 (ammonia), visit:

https://brainly.com/question/3631639

#SPJ1

a 25.0 ml sample of 0.150 m nitrous acid is titrated with a 0.150 m naoh solution. what is the ph at the equivalence point? the ka of nitrous acid is 4.5 × 10-4.

Answers

At the equivalence point of the titration, the pH is approximately 12.88 in a 25.0 ml sample of 0.150 m nitrous acid.

At the equivalence point of the titration between nitrous acid ([tex]HNO_2[/tex]) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), the moles of [tex]HNO_2[/tex] and NaOH are equal.

The reaction between [tex]HNO_2[/tex] and NaOH produces sodium nitrite ([tex]NaNO_2[/tex]) and water (H2O). [tex]NaNO_2[/tex] undergoes hydrolysis in water, resulting in the formation of hydroxide ions (OH-). The hydroxide ions increase the pH of the solution.

Since the moles of [tex]HNO_2[/tex] and NaOH are equal, the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) can be calculated by dividing the number of moles of NaOH by the total volume of the solution (50.0 mL or 0.050 L).

Moles of NaOH = Molarity × Volume = 0.150 M × 0.0250 L = 0.00375 mol

Concentration of OH- at the equivalence point = (0.00375 mol) / (0.050 L) = 0.075 M

To calculate the pH at the equivalence point, we can use the fact that pH + pOH = 14. Taking the negative logarithm of the hydroxide ion concentration:

pOH = -log10(0.075) ≈ 1.12

pH = 14 - pOH ≈ 14 - 1.12 ≈ 12.88

To learn more about equivalence point click here https://brainly.com/question/14782315

#SPJ11

a 25.0 ml sample of sulphuric acid is completely neutralized by adding 32.8 ml of 0.116 m ammonia solution. ammonium sulphate is formed. what is the concentration of the sulphuric acid?

Answers

To find the concentration of the sulphuric acid, we can use the equation:
acid + base → salt + water


In this case, the acid is sulphuric acid (H2SO4), the base is ammonia (NH3), and the salt is ammonium sulphate (NH4)2SO4.
From the equation, we can see that one mole of acid reacts with one mole of base to form one mole of salt. Therefore, we can use the following equation to find the moles of sulphuric acid:
moles H2SO4 = moles NH3
First, we need to find the moles of NH3:
moles NH3 = concentration × volume
moles NH3 = 0.116 mol/L × 0.0328 L
moles NH3 = 0.00381 mol
Since the moles of NH3 and H2SO4 are equal, we can find the concentration of the sulphuric acid:
moles H2SO4 = 0.00381 mol
volume H2SO4 = 0.0250 L
concentration H2SO4 = moles/volume
concentration H2SO4 = 0.00381 mol/0.0250 L
concentration H2SO4 = 0.152 mol/L
Therefore, the concentration of the sulphuric acid is 0.152 mol/L.

To know more about sulphuric acid visit:

https://brainly.com/question/12986533

#SPJ11

Calculate S* rxn for the following reaction. The S* for each species is shown below the reaction.
C2H2(g) + 2 H2 (g) --------------> C2H6(g)
S*(J/mol x K) for C2H2(g) = 200.9 , for 2H2 = 130.7, and for C2H6 = 229.2

Answers

The standard entropy change (ΔS*rxn) for the reaction [tex]C_2H_2(g)[/tex] + [tex]2H_2(g)[/tex] → [tex]C_2H_6(g)[/tex] can be calculated by subtracting the sum of the standard entropies of the reactants from the sum of the standard entropies of the products.

In this case, ΔS*rxn = (2 * S*[tex]C_2H_6[/tex]) - (S*[tex]C_2H_2[/tex] + 2 * S*[tex]H_2[/tex]), where S*[tex]C_2H_6[/tex], S*[tex]C_2H_6[/tex],\, and S*H2 represent the standard entropies of *[tex]C_2H_6[/tex],[tex]C_2H_2[/tex] and H2, respectively.

The standard entropy change (ΔS*rxn) for a chemical reaction can be calculated using the standard entropies (S*) of the reactants and products. The equation to calculate ΔS*rxn is:

ΔS*rxn = Σn * S*products - Σm * S*reactants

Where n and m represent the stoichiometric coefficients of the products and reactants, respectively, and S*products and S*reactants are the standard entropies of the products and reactants.

For the given reaction C2H2(g) + 2H2(g) → C2H6(g), the stoichiometric coefficients are 1 for C2H2 and C2H6, and 2 for H2. The standard entropies given are S*C2H2 = 200.9 J/(mol * K), S*H2 = 130.7 J/(mol * K), and S*C2H6 = 229.2 J/(mol * K).

Substituting the values into the equation, we get:

ΔS*rxn = (2 * S*C2H6) - (S*C2H2 + 2 * S*H2)

       = (2 * 229.2) - (200.9 + 2 * 130.7)

       = 458.4 - 462.3

       = -3.9 J/(mol * K)

Therefore, the standard entropy change (ΔS*rxn) for the reaction C2H2(g) + 2H2(g) → C2H6(g) is -3.9 J/(mol * K).

To learn more about entropies refer:

https://brainly.com/question/30355655

#SPJ11

design a synthesis that would convert phenol primarily to ortho-bromophenol

Answers

In order to convert phenol primarily to ortho-bromophenol, we can use a method called electrophilic aromatic substitution. This involves adding an electrophile to the aromatic ring of the phenol, which will replace one of the hydrogen atoms and result in the formation of a substituted product.

One way to achieve this is by using bromine as the electrophile. We can start by adding bromine water to the phenol, which will form a complex with the bromine. Next, we can add a strong acid such as hydrochloric acid to protonate the phenol and make it more reactive. This will help to generate the electrophile, which can then attack the ortho position of the aromatic ring.
To ensure that ortho-bromophenol is formed primarily, we can control the reaction conditions by using a mild temperature and carefully controlling the pH of the reaction mixture. By doing this, we can prevent the formation of unwanted by-products such as para-bromophenol and meta-bromophenol.

In summary, to convert phenol primarily to ortho-bromophenol, we can use electrophilic aromatic substitution with bromine as the electrophile, and control the reaction conditions to promote ortho selectivity. This synthesis can be carried out in a laboratory setting, and is an important step in the preparation of various organic compounds.

To know more about electrophile visit:

https://brainly.com/question/29789429

#SPJ11

Hydrogen is used as a fuel for space ships. In this combustion reaction hydrogen and oxygen
combine to form water. The Gibbs energy for this reaction is negative at 773 K.

a) Define a combustion reaction. (2 points)

b) List the Gibbs energy equation and explain what it means. (3 points)

Determine whether this reaction is spontaneous and explain why. (3 points)

please help meee i’m really bad at chemistry

Answers

a) A combustion reaction is a chemical reaction in which a fuel, such as hydrogen, reacts with oxygen to produce heat, light, and other products.

b) The Gibbs energy equation is ∆G = ∆H - T∆S, where ∆G is the change in Gibbs free energy, ∆H is the change in enthalpy, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and ∆S is the change in entropy. This equation describes the spontaneity of a chemical reaction, where a negative ∆G indicates that the reaction is spontaneous and a positive ∆G indicates that the reaction is non-spontaneous.

∆G represents the maximum amount of non-expansion work that can be extracted from a thermodynamic system at constant temperature and pressure. A negative ∆G indicates that the reaction will proceed spontaneously, meaning that it will occur without the need for an external energy source. A positive ∆G indicates that the reaction is non-spontaneous, meaning that it will not occur without an external energy source.

c) The Gibbs energy for the combustion reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to form water is negative at 773 K, which means that the reaction is spontaneous under these conditions. This is because the negative ∆G value indicates that the reaction will release energy, and therefore the reaction will occur without the need for an external energy source. In other words, the products of the reaction (water) are at a lower energy state than the reactants (hydrogen and oxygen), which means that the reaction will proceed spontaneously in the direction of forming the products.

A 0.079 g sample of an unknown metal is dropped into hydrochloric acid and reacts to produce 60.0 mL of dry hydrogen gas at 22 °C and 732 mm Hg. What is the unknown metal (X)? Hint: Find the molar mass of the metal. 2X (s) + 6 HCl (aq) -----------> 2XCl3 (aq) + 3H2(g)

Answers

To determine the unknown metal (X) in the given reaction, we can use stoichiometry and gas laws. Therefore, the unknown metal X in the reaction is lead (Pb).

Convert the volume of hydrogen gas to moles:

Using the ideal gas law equation PV = nRT, we can calculate the number of moles of hydrogen gas:

n = (P * V) / (R * T) = (732 torr * 0.0600 L) / (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K * 295.15 K) = 0.00144 mol

Determine the molar ratio between hydrogen gas and the unknown metal (X). From the balanced equation, we see that for every 3 moles of hydrogen gas, we have 2 moles of X.

3 moles of H2 -> 2 moles of X

0.00144 mol of H2 -> (2/3) * 0.00144 mol = 0.00096 mol of X

Calculate the molar mass of X:

Molar mass of X = (0.079 g) / (0.00096 mol) = 82.29 g/mol

Use the periodic table to find the element with a molar mass close to 82.29 g/mol. The element is lead (Pb).

To know more about gas laws

https://brainly.com/question/27870704

#SPJ11

Which is the strongest oxidizing agent? Standard Reduction Potentials E Na * Na+ + e- 2.71 V Cd -* Cd2+ + 2e 0.40 V H2 + 2H+ + 2e_ 0.00 V Ag + Ag+ + e -0.80 V (A) Na+ (B) H2 (C) Cdº D) Ag+

Answers

The answer is (A) Na+. H2 and Cdº have lower reduction potentials, while Ag+ has a negative reduction potential, indicating that it is not a strong oxidizing agent.

The strongest oxidizing agent is the species that has the highest tendency to gain electrons and get reduced.

This is determined by looking at the standard reduction potentials of the given species. The higher the reduction potential, the stronger the oxidizing agent.

Out of the given species, Na+ has the highest reduction potential of 2.71 V, making it the strongest oxidizing agent.  

To know more about Oxidizing agent visit:

https://brainly.com/question/29137128

#SPJ11

what is the temperature (in k) of a sample of helium with an root-mean-square velocity of 394.0 m/s? the universal gas constant, r=8.3145 j/mol・k.

Answers

The temperature of the helium sample is approximately 9650 Kelvin.

To find the temperature of a sample of helium with a root-mean-square velocity of 394.0 m/s, we can use the formula:
v = √(\frac{3kT}{m})
where v is the root-mean-square velocity, k is the Boltzmann constant (which is equal to the universal gas constant divided by Avogadro's number), T is the temperature in Kelvin, and m is the molar mass of helium.
Rearranging this formula, we can solve for T:
T =\frac{ (m*v^2)}{(3k)}
The molar mass of helium is 4.003 g/mol. Plugging in the given values and the universal gas constant (r = 8.3145 J/mol*K), we get:
T =\frac{ (4.003 g/mol * (394.0 m/s)^2) }{ (3 * 8.3145 J/mol*K)}
T = 9650 K
Therefore, the temperature of the helium sample is approximately 9650 Kelvin.

learn more about helium Refer: https://brainly.com/question/10897530

#SPJ11

the examples for anions with names charges and chemical symbols

Answers

eg no 1= Calcium

charge=> 2+

symbol Ca

eg no 2= Hydroxide

charge 1-

symbol=>OH

sorry I only know 2 eg

Helium is the second element in the Periodic table. Tin is the 50th. Suggest how tin atoms and helium atoms are different.​

Answers

Helium has 2 stable naturally occuring isotopes while Tin has 10 stable naturally occuring isotopes.

a crystalline ceramic has the chemical formula ab3. what is a possible crystal structure for this ceramic?

Answers

To determine the possible crystal structure for a ceramic with the chemical formula AB3, we need to consider the valence of the elements A and B. A has a valence of 1, while B has a valence of 3. This means that each A ion can bond with three B ions, forming a stable crystalline structure.

One possible crystal structure for this ceramic is the perovskite structure, which has the general formula ABX3. In this structure, the A ion sits at the center of a cubic unit cell, while the B ions occupy the corners of the cell and the X ion is located in the center of each face. This structure is commonly found in many ceramics, including ferroelectrics, superconductors, and piezoelectric materials. It is important to note that there could be other possible crystal structures for this ceramic, depending on the specific properties and conditions of the material.

To know more about Crystalline visit:

https://brainly.com/question/28274778

#SPJ11

the diagram below represents 23 pairs of structures taken from the nucleus of a human body cell

Answers

If the diagram represents 23 pairs of structures taken from the nucleus of a human body cell then it is referring to the chromosomes of a human cell.

What are the chromosomes of a human cell?

The chromosomes of a human cell are linear structures contained in the cell nucleus which are arranged into 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes that match during the cell division process.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that the chromosomes of a human cell are arranged into 23 linear structures that pair during cell division.

Learn more about the human chromosomes here:

https://brainly.com/question/13148765

#SPJ1

sulfur dioxide (so2) reacts with oxygen (o2) in the atmosphere to produce sulfur trioxide (so3). how many grams of so3 are produced when 1096.00 grams of o2 react with excess so2? (enter numerical answer with two decimal points and without units, e.g., 1455.62, 34.45)

Answers

The amount of sulfur trioxide (SO3) produced when 1096.00 grams of oxygen (O2) react with excess sulfur dioxide (SO2) is 1522.67 grams.

To determine the amount of sulfur trioxide produced, we need to consider the balanced chemical equation for the reaction:

2SO2 + O2 → 2SO3

From the equation, we can see that the molar ratio between oxygen (O2) and sulfur trioxide (SO3) is 1:2. This means that for every 1 mole of O2, 2 moles of SO3 are produced.

To calculate the number of moles of O2, we divide the given mass (1096.00 grams) by its molar mass (32.00 g/mol):

moles of O2 = 1096.00 g / 32.00 g/mol

= 34.25 mol

Since the molar ratio between O2 and SO3 is 1:2, the number of moles of SO3 produced is twice the number of moles of O2:

moles of SO3 = 2 * moles of O2

= 2 * 34.25 mol

= 68.50 mol

Finally, we can convert moles of SO3 to grams using the molar mass of SO3 (80.06 g/mol):

grams of SO3 = moles of SO3 * molar mass of SO3

= 68.50 mol * 80.06 g/mol

= 5486.23 g

≈ 1522.67 g (rounded to two decimal places)

When 1096.00 grams of O2 react with excess SO2, approximately 1522.67 grams of SO3 are produced.

To know more about sulfur trioxide ,visit:

https://brainly.com/question/1458186

#SPJ11

From the data below, determine what reaction will happen at the anode and what reaction will happen at the cathode for a 1.0 M CdBr₂ solution. In addition, determine the minimum voltage required for the onset of the electrolysis reaction.
O2(g) + 4H(aq) (10 M)+ 4e→ 2H₂O E° = 0.816 V
2H2O+ 2e H2(g) + 20H() (107 M) E°=-0.414 V
Bras) + 2e2Br() E° = 1.09 V
Cd2 (aq) +2e Cd) E° = -0.403 V

Answers

In a 1.0 M CdBr₂ solution, the reaction at the anode will be the oxidation of Br⁻ to Br₂(g) with a potential of 1.09 V.

In a 1.0 M CdBr₂ solution, the reaction at the anode will be the oxidation of Br⁻ to Br₂(g) with a potential of 1.09 V. The reaction at the cathode will be the reduction of Cd²⁺ to Cd(s) with a potential of -0.403 V. The overall reaction for the electrolysis of CdBr₂ can be written as 2Br⁻(aq) + Cd²⁺(aq) → Br₂(g) + Cd(s). The minimum voltage required for the onset of the electrolysis reaction can be determined by adding the potentials of the anode and cathode reactions. Therefore, the minimum voltage required is 1.09 V - 0.403 V = 0.687 V. It is important to note that this minimum voltage requirement may not be enough to drive the electrolysis reaction at a sufficient rate and additional voltage may be required to maintain a steady flow of electrons.

To know more about solution visit: https://brainly.com/question/1616939

#SPJ11

which is a stronger acid? one with a pkapka of 4.7 one with a pkapka of 7.0

Answers

The acid with a pKa of 4.7 is stronger than the acid with a pKa of 7.0. The pKa value is a measure of acid strength, with lower values indicating stronger acids.

The pKa value is a measure of the acidity of an acid. It represents the negative logarithm (base 10) of the acid dissociation constant (Ka), which is a measure of the extent to which an acid dissociates in water. The lower the pKa value, the stronger the acid.

In this case, we compare an acid with a pKa of 4.7 and an acid with a pKa of 7.0. Since the pKa of the first acid is lower, it means that its acid dissociation constant (Ka) is higher, indicating a stronger acid. A lower pKa value suggests that the acid will more readily donate a proton (H+) in an aqueous solution, indicating greater acidity.

In summary, the acid with a pKa of 4.7 is stronger than the acid with a pKa of 7.0. The pKa value serves as a useful tool for comparing the relative strengths of acids, with lower pKa values indicating stronger acids.

Learn more about stronger acids here:

https://brainly.com/question/31477162

#SPJ11

The voltage delivered by a primary battery is: Select the correct answer below:
a. directly proportional to its size
b. inversely proportional to its size
c. directly proportional to the square of its size
d. unrelated to its size

Answers

The correct answer is b. inversely proportional to its size. This means that as the size of a primary battery decreases, the voltage it delivers increases.

This is because the voltage of a primary battery is determined by the chemical reactions that occur within it, and these reactions are more concentrated in smaller batteries. However, it is important to note that the voltage delivered by a primary battery can also be affected by factors such as temperature and the age of the battery. Additionally, it is important to consider the specific type of primary battery being used, as different types may have different voltage outputs.

Overall, understanding the relationship between battery size and voltage is important for selecting the right battery for a given application.

To know more about voltage visit:

https://brainly.com/question/32002804

#SPJ11

Other Questions
Which of the following patterns of brain activity would indicate that a person was aware of a visual stimulus?a) gamma activity in the occipital lobe b)alpha activity across the entire neocortex c)gamma activity in the visual cortex d)synchronized activity across the occipital, parietal, and temporal lobes What is partisan and non partisan in local government? xyz company, a 'for-profit' business, had revenues of $16 million in 2022. expenses other than depreciation totaled 75 percent of revenues. xyz company, must pay taxes at a rate of 40 percent of pretax (operating) income. all revenues were collected in cash during the year, and all expenses other than depreciation were paid in cash. depreciation originally was $2 million; however, now the company has decided to be more conservative in its depreciation of its capital assets. xyz now has $750,000 in depreciation expense instead of $2 million. based on this change in depreciation expense, what would xyz's cash flow be? Please show all your steps. thanks!2. Evaluate the integrale - 18e + 1) dr by first using the substitution = e to convert the integral to an integral of a rational function, and then using partial fractions. This number pattern -1:5 ;x; 35 ; ...Is a quadratic number pattern.a) Calculate xb) Hence, or otherwise, determine the nth term of the sequence.This sequence 4;9; x; 37; .... is a quadratic sequence.a) Calculate xb) Hence, or otherwise, determine the nth term of the sequence. What is the length of RS in this triangle to the nearest hundredth unit? Select one: a. 24.59 b. 19.62 c. 21.57 d. 23.28 For the function: y = e^3x + 4 A) Identify any transformations this function has (relative to the parent function). B) For each transformation: 1) identify if it has an effect on the derivative II) if divergent or converget?1. The series is 1 (n+199)(n+200) n=0 1 and 1 NI ol O its sum is 199 O its sum is 0 its sum is 1 199 O there is no sum O its sum is 1 200 This is a homework problem for my linear algebra class. Couldyou please show all the steps and explain so that I can betterunderstand. I will give thumbs up, thanks.Problem 3. Which of the following nonempty subsets of the vector space Mnxn are subspaces? (a) The set of all nxn singular matrices (b) The set of all nxn upper triangular matrices (c) The set of all why did jesus of nazareth identify himself as the messiah? group of answer choices he never made this claim; his followers did. he desired to attract evangelists to assist him. he needed to establish his identity for the jews. he wanted to antagonize the roman leaders. Balance the following redox reactions in acidic solution TeO3^?2- ?+ N2O4 --> Te + NO3^?-? b) ReO4^-? + IO^- --> Re + IO3^- Which of the following can cause stress-induced immunosuppression?a. Serotonin b. Adrenaline c. GABA d. Glucocorticoids a group of friends are discussing the relationship between internal and external validity. who is right? carl: if a study has high internal validity it will also have excellent external validity. internal validity is concerned with is the change in your dependent variable due to your independent variable. if internal validty is high you can generalize this finding to many other situations or people. lyla: external validity and internal validty are not related at all. internal validty is for experimental research, external validity is for correlational research. kate: if a study has high internal validity that doesn't necessarily mean external validity is high. internal validity is concerned with whether the change in the dependent variable due to the independent variable. sometimes a study with high internal validity does not have high external validity due to the controlling nature of an experiment. If you have a $216,000, 30-year, 5 percent mortgage, how much of your first monthly payment of $1161 would go toward principal Multiple Choice a. $10.000.00 b. $0.00 525100 c. $520000 d. $595760 the weights of steers in a herd are distributed normally. the variance is 90,000 and the mean steer weight is 1400lbs . find the probability that the weight of a randomly selected steer is less than 2030lbs . round your answer to four decimal places. The mid west is some times called the soup bowl of Americaa true because the super bowl is held thereb true produces a lot of soupc false the south east has a nick name d true if you change soup bowl to breadbasket the current ratio is calculated by dividing______by_______ .group of answer choicesa. total liabilities; total assetsb. total assets; total liabilitiesc. the current assts; total current liabilitiesd. total current liabilities; total current assets Which of the following valuation models does not include a company's expected rate of return in its calculation: A. Cash Flow Approach B. Dividend Approach C. Residual Income Approach D. Buffett Valuation Method I flip a fair coin twice and count the number of heads. let h represent getting a head and t represent getting a tail. the sample space of this probability model is:A. S = (HH, HT, TH, TT).B. S = (1,2)C. S = {0, 1,2).D. S = [HH. HT, TT). net marketplaces may either support contractual purchasing based on long-term relationships with designated suppliers or short-term spot purchasing. group of answer choices true false