which select group of career federal public administrators who make up the top managerial, supervisory, and policy positions in the federal bureaucracy was created by the civil service reform act of 1978?

Rome shifted from a two-class society to a three-class society during the period of the Roman Republic, which lasted from approximately 509 BCE to 27 BCE. The shift occurred as a result of several factors, including social and economic changes and political developments.

In the early days of the Republic, Roman society was divided into two main classes: the patricians, who were the wealthy, aristocratic landowners, and the plebeians, who were the common people. The patricians held most of the political power and controlled the economy, while the plebeians had limited rights and were excluded from many aspects of Roman society.

Over time, however, the plebeians began to demand greater rights and representation in government. They staged a series of protests and strikes, including the famous "Secession of the Plebs" in 494 BCE, in which they withdrew from Rome and established their own government.

As a result of these struggles, the plebeians were eventually granted greater political rights, including the ability to elect their own officials and hold public office. This led to the creation of a third class, known as the equites or knights, who were wealthy plebeians who had the resources to serve in the Roman cavalry. The equites held a position of prominence in Roman society, and their status was based on wealth rather than birth.

The shift to a three-class society also reflected changes in the Roman economy. As Rome expanded, new opportunities for trade and commerce emerged, and wealthy merchants and businessmen began to wield increasing influence. These individuals were often members of the equites class, and their wealth and influence helped to shape the political and social landscape of the Republic.

In summary, the shift from a two-class to a three-class society in Rome was a complex and multifaceted process that reflected changing social, economic, and political conditions. It ultimately led to a more complex and stratified society that reflected the growing power and influence of a diverse range of individuals and groups.

Learn more about Rome:

https://brainly.com/question/9450309

#SPJ11

A naturalized American citizen is more likely to have been born in New York. New York has a long history of being a major gateway for immigrants to the United States, the correct option is B.

Ellis Island, located in New York Harbor, was the main point of entry for immigrants between 1892 and 1954. As a result, New York has a large and diverse population of immigrants, many of whom have gone on to become naturalized U.S. citizens.

According to the American Community Survey, New York City has the highest foreign-born population of any city in the United States, with over 3 million foreign-born residents as of 2019. This represents about 37% of the city's population, the correct option is B.

To learn more about New York follow the link:

https://brainly.com/question/12164635

#SPJ4

One reason for the War of 1812 played a major role in US politics and policies after the war was that the reason for the War of 1812 was an attempt by the United States to gain more land and spread democracy to British-controlled areas. The reason against the War of 1812 was that the United States lacked the military strength to compete with Great Britain.

The War of 1812 left a lasting impact on US politics and policies. The conflict contributed to the strengthening of the federal government and the growth of nationalism in the United States. After the war, the US government invested heavily in infrastructure projects like roads and canals to promote economic growth and territorial expansion.

Additionally, the war led to the opening of the western frontier for settlement, which further fueled American expansionism.The conflict also highlighted the need for a stronger national defense and the importance of maintaining a strong navy. This led to the development of a naval academy and the growth of the US Navy in subsequent years.

Overall, the War of 1812 played a major role in shaping US politics and policies in the years that followed.

To know more about War of 1812, refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/13899658#

#SPJ11

Explanation:

An example of imperialism includes France's control of Vietnam from the mid- to late-1800s. Other examples of imperialism include Britain's control of several countries in the early 1900s, including India, Australia, and many countries in Africa

The Aerial Experiment Association (AEA) applied for a patent for the control of aircraft using ailerons.

One of the patents that the Aerial Experiment Association (AEA) applied for was a patent for the control of aircraft using ailerons, which are d surfaces on the wings that can be used to control the aircraft's roll.

This patent was filed by AEA member Glenn Curtiss in 1910 and was later used in the design of the Curtiss Model D airplane, which was a significant improvement over earlier aircraft designs.

The Aerial Experiment Association (AEA) was founded by Alexander Graham Bell, together with other inventors, in 1907 with the objective of building a practical airplane. One of the patents the AEA applied for was the patent for the Silver Dart airplane, which was the first powered flight in Canada.

Learn more about alexander graham bell at https://brainly.com/question/934978

#SPJ11

The Rotunda at the University of Virginia was designed by Thomas Jefferson, modeled after the Pantheon in Rome.

Jefferson was inspired by the Pantheon's impressive architecture and he wanted to recreate its strong presence in his own building. Both the Pantheon and the Rotunda have similar features, such as domes and circular layouts, but they also have distinct differences.

The Pantheon is much larger and has a greater interior height, and its dome is made of concrete and brick, while the Rotunda's dome is made of wood and plaster.

Furthermore, the Pantheon's iconic portico features 8 columns, while the Rotunda's features just 4. Overall, Jefferson was inspired by the Pantheon's grand design, but the Rotunda has its own unique features.

To know more about portico click on below link:

https://brainly.com/question/11256906#

#SPJ11

True. By the 1850s, India had shifted its exports to Britain from fine textiles to raw cotton.

Raw cotton refers to unprocessed cotton fiber that is harvested from the cotton plant. After the cotton is picked from the plant, it is separated from the seeds and other plant debris through a process called ginning

In the problem, the shift was due to several factors, including the increased demand for raw materials for the growing textile industry in Britain and the decline of the Indian textile industry, which was unable to compete with cheaper British imports.

The British colonial government also implemented policies that favored the production and export of raw materials over finished goods, which further encouraged the shift towards raw cotton exports.

Learn more about raw cotton at:

https://brainly.com/question/20562410

#SPJ1

The political philosophy that refuted enlightenment ideas and revolutionary principles, and instead based itself on tradition and gradual change, was known as Conservatism.

Conservatism is the political philosophy that refuted enlightenment ideas and revolutionary principles, and instead based itself on tradition and gradual change.

What is Conservatism?

Conservatism is a political and social philosophy emphasizing the importance of tradition, order, and established customs at the expense of rapid change, innovativeness, and individual freedom.

In its most basic sense, conservatism refers to an attitude or disposition that values tradition, order, and established customs, which conservatives typically believe are necessary for a stable society. Because conservatism is frequently connected with traditional social hierarchies and support for the status quo, it is frequently related with the political right.

To know more about Conservatism refer here:https://brainly.com/question/26317105#
#SPJ11

Joseph Stalin (Soviet Premier) knew of the existence of the American atomic bomb first.

How was the existence of the American atomic bomb known to Joseph Stalin?

The existence of the American atomic bomb was first known to Joseph Stalin (Soviet Premier) who received the information from Soviet intelligence sources.

Stalin was informed of the Manhattan Project by the Soviet intelligence network, in the summer of 1942, before Truman became President. Soviet spies had infiltrated the Manhattan Project and obtained secret information about the construction of the atomic bomb.

To know more about Joseph Stalin (Soviet Premier) refer here: https://brainly.com/question/30163035#

#SPJ11

Answer:

Explanation:

D

Answer:

please make me brainalist and keep smiling dude I hope you will be satisfied with my answer

Explanation:

D. None of the above are true

Answer: A

Explanation: Human activity because we have caused global warming.

The world leaders most likely interpreted the excerpt as indicating that the United States was threatening to return to a policy of isolationism.

Isolationism is a concept in international relations that advocates a country's interests being held separate from the interests of other countries. To keep its people safe, isolationist states avoid entangling alliances with other countries and are often neutral in global conflicts.

The excerpt probably referred to the concept of isolationism because the United States is threatening to return to a policy of isolationism. Most world leaders interpreted the excerpt as indicating that the United States was threatening to return to a policy of isolationism.

To know more about isolationism, click on the link below:

https://brainly.com/question/1851881#

#SPJ11

A municipal bond is the kind of bond that New York City issued in 1812. The New York City administration is the one who issued the bonds.

With a population of nearly 8 million, New York City is the most populated city in the US. It is known as the "Big Apple" or simply "NYC" and is situated in the state of New York. The city is a hub for commerce, the arts, and culture on a global scale. The Statue of Liberty, Central Park, Times Square, and the Empire State Building are some of its most famous landmarks. NYC is one of the most interesting and vibrant cities in the world thanks to its different neighbourhoods, cuisine, and entertainment options.

Learn more about New York City here:

https://brainly.com/question/9353131

#SPJ4

Answer:

MLKJR.

Explanation:

BECAUSE HE DID

One important similarity between the British colonies in the Chesapeake region and the British colonies in New England in the period from 1607 to 1754 was that both had economies that were based on agriculture.

The British colonies in the Chesapeake region and New England had significant differences in their geography, economy, and demography. These differences resulted in two distinct colonial systems emerging in America that eventually led to different views and ideals of what America should become.

The British colonies in the Chesapeake region, located along the Chesapeake Bay in Virginia and Maryland, were established for economic reasons. The region's fertile land and warm climate were ideal for agriculture, and colonists quickly started growing tobacco, which became their cash crop.

They relied heavily on slave labor to work on plantations, and this became the backbone of the region's economy.

The British colonies in New England, located in present-day Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, and New Hampshire, were established for religious reasons. Puritans, who were seeking religious freedom, founded the region's first settlement in 1620.

The region's harsh climate and rocky soil were not ideal for farming, and the colonists had to rely on fishing, shipbuilding, and trade for their livelihood.

Despite these differences, both the British colonies in the Chesapeake region and New England had economies that were based on agriculture. They both relied on exporting their crops and goods to England to make a profit. This led to the growth of a mercantile economy in America and eventually helped pave the way for the American Revolution.

To know more about British colonies, click on the link below:

https://brainly.com/question/19068421#

#SPJ11

The period from 1800 to 1848 saw a lot of reform movements in the United States. These movements were aimed at addressing different issues affecting the country. The major causes of these reform activities include the Second Great Awakening, increased immigration, westward expansion, and market revolution.

The Second Great Awakening was a religious revival movement that started in the late 18th century and lasted through the 19th century. This movement aimed to bring people back to the Christian faith and encourage them to live moral lives. The Second Great Awakening played an important role in the reform movement by emphasizing the importance of personal responsibility, social justice, and individual liberty.

Increased immigration also contributed to the reform movement in the United States. Immigrants brought different cultures and ideas to the United States, which helped to broaden the scope of the reform movement. The influx of immigrants also led to increased social problems, such as poverty, crime, and disease, which created a need for reform activities.

Westward expansion was another major cause of reform activity in the United States. As Americans moved west, they encountered new social, economic, and political challenges that required new solutions. Westward expansion led to increased demand for land, resources, and labor, which created a need for reforms to address these issues. The market revolution also contributed to the reform movement by changing the way people lived and worked.

The market revolution led to increased urbanization, industrialization, and commercialization, which created new social, economic, and political problems that required reform activities. To conclude, the causes of reform activity in the United States in the period from 1800 to 1848 were varied and complex. The Second Great Awakening, increased immigration, westward expansion, and market revolution were the major factors that contributed to these reform activities.

For more about reform movements:

https://brainly.com/question/18299282

#SPJ11

How did Abraham Lincoln became a leader?

Lincoln came to power when the nation was in peril, and he had the intelligence, and the self-confidence, to know that he needed the best people by his side, people who were leaders in their own right and who were very aware of their own strengths.

The government (1) provides the legal and social framework within which the economy operates, (2) maintains competition in the marketplace, (3) provides public goods and services, (4) redistributes income, (5) cor- rects for externalities, and (6) takes certain actions to stabilize the economy.

One way the development of colonial economies affected labor systems in the Americas from 1492 to 1750 was that the indigenous population was forced into labor and slavery to meet the demands of the Europeans.

Europeans established plantations for cash crops such as tobacco, sugar, and cotton. They needed labor to cultivate these crops, and the indigenous population was forced into slavery or forced labor. Africans were also brought over as slaves to work in mines, plantations, and other industries.

The establishment of these colonial economies greatly impacted the labor systems in the Americas, as it led to the exploitation and mistreatment of indigenous and African populations. These groups were forced into labor under inhumane conditions, and their rights were disregarded.

Overall, the development of colonial economies in the Americas had a significant impact on labor systems, as it led to the establishment of a system of forced labor and slavery. Indigenous and African populations were greatly affected by these practices and their rights were disregarded, which led to widespread mistreatment and exploitation.

To know more about colonial economies, click on the link below:

https://brainly.com/question/29435771#

#SPJ11

At the time of the Battle of Mobile Bay in August 1864, Mobile, Alabama, was one of the Confederate States of America's two remaining ports. The Union's ability to hinder supplies caused the Confederacy to become weaker as a result of the Union's victory at the Battle of Mobile Bay.

The Confederate suffered a great loss with the fall of Mobile Bay, and it was the first of numerous Yankee wins later that year that made it possible for President Abraham Lincoln (1809–65) to gain reelection.

Admiral David G. Farragut's fleet defeated the Confederate naval forces commanded by Admiral Franklin Buchanan over the course of many hours of furious fighting, securing Mobile as an open port and assisting President Abraham Lincoln in winning re-election. Mobile Bay was one of the last active Confederate ports.

Learn more about President Abraham Lincoln: https://brainly.com/question/12447753

#SPJ1

Among the important techniques the church developed for winning over the countryside was a policy of building and maintaining local monasteries. These monasteries served to both spread the Christian message and provide material benefits such as charity, education, and medical care to local populations.

This had the effect of creating an aura of respect and reverence for the church in the surrounding areas, increasing the likelihood of successful evangelism.

Building monasteries was an effective way for the church to gain favor with local populations and win them over to the Christian faith. The monasteries provided charitable, educational, and medical services to those in need and demonstrated the church's commitment to the welfare of the people.

This created a sense of respect and reverence for the church which then allowed them to more successfully spread their message and increase the number of converts.

To know more about christain refer to-

brainly.com/question/14371691#
#SPJ11

The action by farmers that contributed to the Dust Bowl was the practice of plowing up the natural grasses of the Great Plains and replacing them with crops, mainly wheat, without implementing proper soil conservation techniques.

This resulted in the depletion of soil nutrients, erosion, and the exposure of dry topsoil to wind and drought, which ultimately led to the formation of massive dust storms and the degradation of farmland. Farmers were incentivized to engage in this practice due to government policies that encouraged the expansion of agriculture in the Great Plains and the use of mechanized farming equipment that made it easier to cultivate land quickly.

However, this ultimately led to the depletion of the soil's natural resources, making it unable to support the crops that were being grown on it. The resulting dust storms caused severe damage to both the environment and the economy of the region, leading to significant population displacement and economic hardship.

The government eventually recognized the problem and introduced policies and programs such as the Soil Conservation Act of 1935 and the Civilian Conservation Corps, which aimed to reduce soil erosion and promote sustainable farming practices.

To know more about the Farmers, here

https://brainly.com/question/29622188

#SPJ4

The given statement “North and south agreed, California became a free state but a strict fugitive slave law was passed” is true because one of the measures was the admission of California as a free state, which was a victory for the North.

In 1850, as part of the Compromise of 1850, the United States Congress passed a series of measures that aimed to resolve the ongoing conflict between the North and the South over the issue of slavery.

The law was highly controversial and opposed by many Northerners who saw it as a violation of individual rights and an endorsement of slavery. The Fugitive Slave Law contributed to the growing tension between the North and the South and was one of the factors that ultimately led to the outbreak of the Civil War, the statement is true.

To learn more about Fugitive Slave Law follow the link:

https://brainly.com/question/11972895

#SPJ4

At the top of the social and political hierarchy of the Roman Republic were the two consuls, who were elected annually and held the highest executive power.

The senate, composed of wealthy and influential members, held great political power and advised the consuls.

The assemblies, consisting of various classes of citizens, had the power to vote on laws and elect officials but were limited in their influence.

Nonvoting citizens, who were not part of the assemblies, held a lower social status. Slaves, who had no political rights and were considered property, were at the bottom of the hierarchy.

Read more about the Roman Republic here:

https://brainly.com/question/1566483

#SPJ1

Answer:

it make people like you and they are related to be kind to you

Adapting the language of the Declaration of Independence implies that the purpose of the argument was to appeal to a wider audience while ensuring that the argument remains comprehensible to a wider audience.

The United States Declaration of Independence is a statement adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, which announced that the thirteen American colonies then at war with Great Britain regarded themselves as sovereign states, no longer part of the British Empire.

The audience for the Declaration of Independence was the British government and King George III, who had authority over the colonies.

The Declaration of Independence had the following purposes:

By adapting the language of the Declaration of Independence, the drafters were appealing to a wider audience, ensuring that the document could be understood by common people, who may not have been proficient in legal or political terminology.

The use of plain and clear language helped to convey the argument of the document to a wider audience, making it easier to understand and remember.

To know more about Declaration of Independence here:
https://brainly.com/question/14578050#

#SPJ11

The spread of Christianity, Islam, and modern science has led to cultural conflicts in various ways. Christianity played a significant role in shaping Western culture, the values of Islam clashed with the dominant culture of the region and Modern Science challenged traditional religious beliefs.

These conflicts can be seen in the following ways:

Christianity: Christianity played a significant role in shaping Western culture, particularly in Europe. As Christianity spread, it conflicted with the polytheistic beliefs and practices of the Greeks and Romans. In addition, cultural conflicts arose between various Christian denominations, resulting in religious wars such as the Crusades, which sought to reclaim the Holy Land from Islamic control.

Islam: Islam has spread throughout the world, particularly in the Middle East and North Africa. It has brought with it a different set of cultural norms and values that often clash with the dominant culture of the region. This has resulted in cultural conflicts between Islamic and non-Islamic cultures, particularly in areas such as the Balkans and South Asia.

Modern Science: The spread of modern science has led to cultural conflicts in a variety of ways. For example, the use of science to study human genetics and evolution has challenged traditional religious beliefs about the origin of humanity. The use of science to develop new technologies, such as nuclear weapons, has also led to concerns about the potential negative consequences of these technologies.

Know more about cultural conflicts here:

https://brainly.com/question/29626879

#SPJ11

To define classical societies and empires, such as Ancient Persia, it is important to look at the historical context and political structure that made them successful. Ancient Persia was an empire that existed from 550 BCE to 330 BCE and was centered in what is now Iran.

The success of the Persian Empire was due to its strong political and military organization, with a central government that had a strong authority and well-developed bureaucracy. It also benefited from a network of road and communications systems, and its use of cavalry as its primary military force.

1. Ancient Persia was an empire that existed from 550 BCE to 330 BCE and was centered in what is now Iran.

2. The success of the Persian Empire was due to its strong political and military organization, with a central government that had a strong authority and well-developed bureaucracy.

3. It also benefited from a network of road and communications systems, and its use of cavalry as its primary military force.

Classical societies and empires, such as Ancient Persia, are defined by the historical context and political structure that made them successful.

The Persian Empire was successful because it had a strong authority with a well-developed bureaucracy, a network of road and communications systems, and its use of cavalry as its primary military force.

To know more about Persian Empire refer to-

brainly.com/question/30355165#

#SPJ11

He tried to keep up with Washington's impartial international strategy position, yet progressively wound up wrestling with France in the supposed "Semi Battle" during his main term in office, from 1797 to 1801.

He went to Harvard as a lawyer and quickly became a patriot; As a delegate to the First and Second Continental Congresses, he led the fight for independence. During the Revolutionary War, he assisted in the negotiation of the peace treaty and served in diplomatic capacities in Holland and France. Adams appoints Charles C. Pinckney, Elbridge Gerry, and John Marshall to a three-man commission to negotiate a settlement with France. Congress gives President Adams permission to form a defense militia of 80,000 men in the event of war with France.

To learn more about patriot visit :

https://brainly.com/question/14855779

#SPJ1

The two women decided who will get to buy the hat in iron jawad angels by flipping a coin in the event.

The true story of suffragist and so-called "new woman" Alice Paul and the defiant young activists who re-energized the women's suffrage movement before the 19th Amendment was passed in 1920 is told in Iron Jawed Angels.

Director Katja von Garnier uses contemporary music and cinematography to show the humiliations and assaults these women endured in order to make their voices heard and gain the right to vote. Hillary Swank, Angelica Huston, Frances O'Connor, Margo Martindale, and Patrick Dempsey star in the film.

Read more about Woman suffrage

brainly.com/question/751172

#SPJ1